TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the 75 Analyzable Participants
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Age, yr | 66.7 (9.3) |
| Sex, n (%) | |
| Male | 28 (37) |
| Female | 47 (63) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.2 (4.8) |
| Lumbar spinal level treated, n (%) | |
| L3-L4 | 12 (16) |
| L4-L5 | 61 (81) |
| L5-S1 | 2 (3) |
| Leg pain intensity NRS score* | 6.6 (2) |
| Use of pain medication, yes, n (%) | 51 (68) |
| ODI score† | 38.5 (16) |
| Centers, participants, n (%) | |
| Amsterdam | 20 (26.7) |
| Arnhem | 48 (64) |
| Den Haag | 5 (6.7) |
| Zwolle | 2 (2.7) |
Values are reported as mean (SD) unless stated otherwise.
*
Scores range from 0 to 10 where a higher score indicates a higher leg pain intensity experienced in the past week.
†
Original scores range from 0 to 50, and these are subsequently recalculated into a percentage by using the equation [total ODI score /(5×number of completed items)]/100, where a higher percentage indicates more disability related to low back pain.
BMI indicates body mass index; NRS, numeric rating scale; ODI, Oswestry disability index.