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. 2024 Oct 7;24:2726. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20250-0

Table 2.

Percentage of population with access to separate and combined WASH facilities

Characteristics Water Sanitation Handwashing Combination water, sanitation, and handwashing (%)
None Only Water Only Sanitation Only Hygiene Water & Sanitation Water & Hygiene Sanitation & Hygiene WASH
Place of residence
 Urban 99.2 64.7 86.9 0.1 7.1 0.2 0.2 5.6 27.8 0.2 58.6
 Rural 97.7 64.3 71.3 0.8 12.6 0.8 0.3 14.5 22.0 0.4 48.6
P-value  < 0.001 0.052  < 0.001  < 0.001
Division
 Barishal 97.6 65.8 46.4 1.0 20.7 1.0 0.1 30.8 12.4 0.3 33.7
 Chattogram 96.5 66.3 68.8 2.0 12.8 0.7 0.5 15.8 18.4 0.3 49.5
 Dhaka 99.7 60.8 88.1 0.0 5.9 0.0 0.2 5.9 33.1 0.1 54.8
 Khulna 93.8 72.4 74.5 1.1 7.5 2.9 0.5 14.0 18.4 1.6 53.8
 Mymensingh 99.5 57.3 62.7 0.2 20.6 0.1 0.1 16.4 21.8 0.2 40.6
 Rajshahi 99.6 62.0 68.5 0.2 16.3 0.1 0.1 15.0 21.5 0.1 46.9
 Rangpur 100.0 66.3 85.0 0.0 8.0 0.0 <0.01 7.0 25.7 0.0 59.4
 Sylhet 95.8 65.5 75.1 1.0 12.1 1.5 0.7 10.2 20.7 0.9 52.8
P-value  < 0.001  < 0.001  < 0.001  < 0.001
Education of h. head
 Pre-primary or none 97.5 57.4 66.4 1.0 16.4 0.8 0.3 15.4 24.9 0.3 40.8
 Primary 97.6 59.9 72.0 0.8 12.4 0.8 0.3 14.1 26.5 0.5 44.6
 Secondary 98.5 69.3 81.1 0.4 7.8 0.5 0.2 10.3 22.3 0.4 58.1
 Higher secondary +  99.2 84.5 91.7 0.1 2.2 0.3 0.1 5.6 13.1 0.3 78.2
P-value  < 0.001  < 0.001  < 0.001  < 0.001
Household wealth
 Poorest 93.4 46.5 44.2 3.0 28.7 2.2 0.8 22.0 21.0 0.6 21.7
 Poorer 98.6 56.9 66.2 0.3 14.9 0.6 0.2 18.0 27.7 0.2 38.0
 Middle 99.2 66.9 78.2 0.1 7.8 0.3 0.1 13.7 25.1 0.4 52.6
 Richer 99.1 69.0 88.0 <0.01 4.6 0.2 0.1 7.1 26.2 0.5 61.2
 Richest 99.6 82.5 96.8 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.1 2.1 16.3 0.2 80.2
P-value  < 0.001  < 0.001  < 0.001  < 0.001
Religion
 Muslim 98.6 64.4 75.2 0.4 11.4 0.6 0.2 12.5 23.6 0.3 51.1
 Others 92.8 63.6 70.3 3.4 11.4 1.6 1.1 13.4 20.4 1.1 47.5
P-value  < 0.001  < 0.001  < 0.001  < 0.001
Total 98.0 74.8 64.4 0.7 11.4 0.7 0.3 12.6 23.3 0.4 50.7