Table 1.

Model results examining (a) the effect of predator cue exposure, population and sex on the relative proportion of snails displaying ‘risky’ behaviour during trial 1, (b) the effect of predator cue exposure and population on feeding rate (total number of mussels eaten over the course of the trial) during trial 1, (c) the effect of predator cue exposure, population and sex on growth (change in length) during trial 1, and (d) the effect of predator cue exposure, population and sex on size (length) prior to the start of trial 2.

(a) behaviour trial 1				(b) feeding rate trial 1
fixed effects	Df	chi-square	p	fixed effects	Df	chi-square	p
treatment	1	354.726	<0.001	treatment	1	456.896	<0.001
population	5	31.160	<0.001	population	5	47.016	<0.001
sex	1	5.696	0.017	treatment × population	5	12.819	0.025
treatment × population	5	16.055	0.007	random effects	variance	s.d.
treatment × sex	1	1.623	0.203	container	<0.001	<0.001
population × sex	5	4.8	0.441	family	<0.001	<0.001
random effects	variance	s.d.
individual	0.189	0.435
container	0.273	0.523
family	0.034	0.184

(c) growth rate trial 1				(d) size prior to trial 2
fixed effects	Df	chi-square	p	fixed effects	Df	chi-square	p
treatment	1	335.245	<0.001	treatment	1	42.860	<0.001
population	5	48.001	<0.001	population	5	24.725	<0.001
sex	1	41.697	<0.001	sex	1	275.565	<0.001
treatment × population	5	15.793	0.007	treatment × population	5	6.787	0.237
treatment × sex	1	0.546	0.460	treatment × sex	1	3.415	0.065
population × sex	5	7.626	0.178	population × sex	5	29.887	<0.001
				random effects	variance	s.d.
				family	0.271	0.520

The effect of p-values with significant results (p < 0.05) are shown in bold.