Fig. 7.

EMPA reduced HF-induced elevations oxidative/nitrosative stress independent of SGLT2. A, B, 4-hydroxynonenal protein expression/total protein staining (4-HNE/TPS). C, D Superoxide dismutase 1 protein expression/total protein staining (SOD1/TPS). E, F, 3-nitrotyrosine protein expression/total protein staining (3-NT/TPS). Data are presented as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. ns: not significant. SH-WT-CO (n = 3; 1 M/2F), SH-KO-CO (n = 3; 1 M/2F), HF-WT-CO (n = 3; 2 M/1F), HF-KO-CO (n = 4; 2 M/2F), HF-WT-EM(n = 3; 2 M/1F) and HF-KO-EM(n = 5; 2 M/3F), HF-KO-CO-CA (n = 4; 2 M/3F) and HF-KO-EM-CA (n = 5; 2 M/2F). A–F One-way ANOVA with Holm-Šídák's multiple comparisons test