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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 9.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Sci Technol. 2024 May 6;58(20):9000–9012. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01562

Table 1.

Major Material Types Entering End-of-Life Material Management from AMa

material types additive manufacturing categories
ceramic (s) MEX/PBF
composite (s) MEX/PBF
glass (s) BJT/DED/MEX/PBF
metal (s) DED/MEX/PBF
lipid (s) MEX/MJT
paper (s) SHL
photopolymer resin (l) MJT/VPP
polymer (s) BJT/MEX/PBF
solvent (l) MJT/VPP
wood (s) MEX
a

Note: BJT = binder jetting, DED = directed energy deposition, MEX = material extrusion, MJT = material jetting, PBF = powder bed fusion, SHL = sheet lamination, VPP = vat photopolymerization.