Table 2.

Summary of detection of phytochemicals in plants based on nanozymes

Nanozyme/activity	Analyte	Method	Sample	LOD(µM)	Linear range(µM)	Refs.
Cu-Guo NRs/LAC	Rutin	Colorimetric	Propolis, Rutin-containing dietary supplement tablets, urine, and blood serum	0.114	0.77–54.46	[46]
CTF–1/OXD	Rutin	Chemiluminescence	Tablets and Flos Sophorae Immaturus	0.015	0.03–0.25	[47]
Fe3O4@MOF/Dextrin/POD	Atropine	Fluorescence	Datura stramonium and D. innoxia	2.27 μg/L	1–600 μg/L	[40]
Fe3O4@Zn/Mg MOF/POD	Atropine	Chemiluminescence	Datura stramonium and D. innoxia	0.02 μg/L	5–600 μg/L	[48]
Iron oxide/POD	Glycyrrhizic acid/liquiritin/licochalcone A/isolicoflavonol	Colorimetric sensor array	Glycyrrhiza uralensis	–	1–200	[56]
Mb(CuII)-AuNPs/POD and PPO	Gallic acid	Electrochemistry	Black tea, grapes, and oranges	0.27	1–1000	[34]
LaFeO3/POD	Gallic acid	Colorimetric	Green tea, diet tea, and pharyngitis tablets	0.4	0.67–40.8	[29]
N-Mn3O4 NSps/OXD	Gallic acid	Colorimetric	Black tea and green tea	0.028	5–30	[28]
VB6/POD	Gallic acid/H2O2	Colorimetric	Oolong tea, black tea, and green tea/Milk	4.1/12.1	10–50/50–600	[146]
CoOOH nanorings/OXD	Gallic acid	Colorimetric	Green tea	0.025	0.25–20	[37]
CeO2/Co3O4@NCH/POD	Quercetin/H2O2	Colorimetric	Yinxingye Dispersible Tablets	1.19/86	7–22/400–1000	[42]
Cu-TA NSs/LAC	Quercetin	Colorimetric	Green pepper, dill, and red onion	0.064	0.35–32.09	[39]
Ar-MoO3NPs/POD	Quercetin/resveratrol/curcumin/gallic acid/ellagic acid	Fluorescence	Apple, orange, and grape	12.22/61.89/38.89/21.5/16.25	2–232/2–270/39–400/2–309/39–309	[44]
AuNCs-p-h/POD	Tea polyphenols	Colorimetric	Huangshan Maofeng, Tongqin green tea, Sanxia Jianhao, and Lipton tea	0.01	0.01–10	[147]
Cu/CN/POD	Tannic acid	Colorimetric	Green tea and Pu’er tea	0.03	0.09–3.2	[30]
SrTiO3-rGO/POD	Tannic acid	Colorimetric	Green tea and Oolong tea	0.056	1–100	[32]
Fe-HHTP/POD	Tannic acid	Colorimetric	Teas (Green tea and Pu’er tea) and red wines (La suerte and Great wall)	0.5	0.5–100	[31]
CuS HNCs/POD	Tannic acid	Colorimetric/ photothermal/RGB	Green tea, red tea, and Oolong tea	0.08/0.13/0.25	1–20/1–10/1–10	[35]
MnO2/GQD/OXD	Gallic acid/tannic acid/ascorbic acid	Colorimetric	Mango juice, lemon juice, and black tea	0.07/0.28/0.69	5–25/1–5/6–80	[38]
Pd-Pt-Ru/POD	Ascorbic acid/H2O2	Colorimetric	Drinks, foods, and herbs (Cornus officinalis, Cynanchum otophyllum, Dioscorea bulbifera, and Eriobotryae Folium)	1.13/2790	2–12/5000–4 × 104	[36]
MIP@PDA/CuO NPs/POD	Astragaloside-IV	Colorimetric	Huangqi Granules and Ganweikang Tablets	0.000991 mg/mL	0.000341–1.024 mg/mL	[51]

POD, peroxidase; OXD, oxidase; LAC, laccase; PPO, polyphenol oxidase; NPs, nanoparticles; NSs, nanosheets; AuNPs, gold nanoparticles; N-Mn₃O₄ NSps, nitrogen-doped Mn₃O₄ nanospheres; Ar-MoO₃NPs, molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles by Argon cold plasma surface modification; Cu-Guo NRs, Cu-guanosine nanorods; Cu/CN, carbon nitride-supported Cu single-atom nanozymes; rGO, reduced graphene oxide; Fe-HHTP, Fe-2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-Hexahydroxytriphenylene; HNCs, hollow nanocages; GQD, graphene quantum dot; AuNCs-p-h, protein conjugated gold nanoclusters under heating conditions; NCH, N-doped hollow carbon microspheres; Cu-TA, Cu-tannic acid; Mb, methanobactin; CTF-1, covalent triazine framework; MOF, metal–organic framework; MIP, molecularly imprinted polymer; PDA, polymerized dopamine; VB₆, vitamin B6