Table 2.
Screens for low wellbeing and symptoms of moderate-to-severe depression and anxiety, by characteristics of 4906 ever-married women in urban informal settlements, Mumbai, India
| Low wellbeing on SWEMWBS | Moderate-to-severe depression symptoms on PHQ-9 | Moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms on GAD-7 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
| Marital status | ||||||||||||
| Currently married | 3999 | (85.2) | 695 | (14.8) | 371 | (92.1) | 4694 | (7.9) | 4443 | (94.7) | 251 | (5.4) |
| Widowed, separated, divorced | 175 | (82.6) | 37 | (17.5) | 140 | (66.0) | 72 | (34.0) | 164 | (77.4) | 48 | (22.6) |
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||
| 18–19 | 48 | (84.2) | 9 | (15.8) | 52 | (91.2) | 5 | (8.8) | 53 | (93.0) | 4 | (7.0) |
| 20–29 | 1605 | (84.0) | 306 | (16.0) | 1757 | (91.9) | 154 | (8.1) | 1813 | (94.9) | 98 | (5.1) |
| 30–39 | 1732 | (85.3) | 299 | (14.7) | 1863 | (91.7) | 168 | (8.3) | 1919 | (94.5) | 112 | (5.5) |
| 40–49 | 789 | (87.0) | 118 | (13.0) | 791 | (87.2) | 116 | (12.8) | 822 | (90.6) | 85 | (9.4) |
| Schooling | ||||||||||||
| No schooling | 763 | (81.3) | 175 | (18.7) | 109 | (88.4) | 938 | (11.6) | 865 | (92.2) | 73 | (7.8) |
| Primary, class 1–5 | 687 | (81.2) | 159 | (18.8) | 760 | (89.8) | 86 | (10.2) | 789 | (93.3) | 57 | (6.7) |
| Middle, class 6–8 | 933 | (84.9) | 166 | (15.1) | 981 | (89.3) | 118 | (10.7) | 1015 | (92.4) | 84 | (7.6) |
| Secondary, class 9–10 | 970 | (87.8) | 135 | (12.2) | 1027 | (92.9) | 78 | (7.1) | 1055 | (95.5) | 50 | (4.5) |
| Higher secondary, class 11–12 | 475 | (89.1) | 58 | (10.9) | 499 | (93.6) | 34 | (6.4) | 510 | (95.7) | 23 | (4.3) |
| Higher education | 346 | (89.9) | 39 | (10.1) | 367 | (95.3) | 18 | (4.7) | 373 | (96.9) | 12 | (3.1) |
| Employment of respondent | ||||||||||||
| No remunerated employment | 3153 | (84.7) | 571 | (15.3) | 3445 | (92.5) | 279 | (7.5) | 3536 | (95.0) | 188 | (5.1) |
| In remunerated employment | 1021 | (86.4) | 161 | (13.6) | 1018 | (86.1) | 164 | (13.9) | 1071 | (90.6) | 111 | (9.4) |
| Employment of husband | ||||||||||||
| No remunerated employment | 79 | (79.8) | 20 | (20.2) | 74 | (74.8) | 25 | (25.3) | 85 | (85.9) | 14 | (14.1) |
| In remunerated employment | 3993 | (85.2) | 693 | (14.8) | 4305 | (91.9) | 381 | (8.1) | 4426 | (94.5) | 260 | (5.6) |
| Alcohol or drug use by respondent | ||||||||||||
| No | 3647 | (84.9) | 647 | (15.1) | 3950 | (92.0) | 344 | (8.0) | 4064 | (94.6) | 230 | (5.4) |
| Yes | 527 | (86.1) | 85 | (13.9) | 513 | (83.8) | 99 | (16.2) | 543 | (88.7) | 69 | (11.3) |
| Alcohol or drug use by husband | ||||||||||||
| No | 2333 | (86.8) | 355 | (13.2) | 2548 | (94.8) | 140 | (5.2) | 2592 | (96.4) | 96 | (3.6) |
| Yes | 1742 | (83.0) | 358 | (17.1) | 1832 | (87.2) | 268 | (12.8) | 1919 | (91.4) | 181 | (8.6) |
| Caste | ||||||||||||
| General caste | 2441 | (85.5) | 413 | (14.5) | 2587 | (90.6) | 267 | (9.4) | 2676 | (93.8) | 178 | (6.2) |
| Other backward caste | 1026 | (87.0) | 154 | (13.1) | 1087 | (92.1) | 93 | (7.9) | 1115 | (94.5) | 65 | (5.5) |
| Scheduled tribe or caste | 707 | (81.1) | 165 | (18.9) | 789 | (90.5) | 83 | (9.5) | 816 | (93.6) | 56 | (6.4) |
| Faith | ||||||||||||
| Muslim | 1544 | (84.6) | 282 | (15.4) | 1631 | (89.3) | 195 | (10.7) | 1687 | (92.4) | 139 | (7.6) |
| Hindu | 2465 | (85.5) | 417 | (14.5) | 2659 | (92.3) | 223 | (7.7) | 2742 | (95.1) | 140 | (4.9) |
| Other | 165 | (83.3) | 33 | (16.7) | 173 | (87.4) | 25 | (12.6) | 178 | (89.9) | 20 | (10.1) |
| Household socioeconomic quintile | ||||||||||||
| 1 Poorest | 755 | (77.9) | 214 | (22.1) | 854 | (88.1) | 115 | (11.9) | 895 | (92.4) | 74 | (7.6) |
| 2 | 777 | (83.0) | 159 | (17.0) | 854 | (91.2) | 82 | (8.8) | 878 | (93.8) | 58 | (6.2) |
| 3 | 808 | (86.5) | 126 | (13.5) | 843 | (90.3) | 91 | (9.7) | 879 | (94.1) | 55 | (5.9) |
| 4 | 832 | (89.2) | 101 | (10.8) | 862 | (92.4) | 71 | (7.6) | 879 | (94.2) | 54 | (5.8) |
| 5 Least poor | 833 | (89.1) | 102 | (10.9) | 869 | (92.9) | 66 | (7.1) | 890 | (95.2) | 45 | (4.8) |
| All (N) | 4906 | (100.0) | 4906 | (100.0) | 4906 | (100.0) | ||||||
Footnote
SWEMWBS: Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale-7. PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9. GAD-7: Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7