Fig 3. Post-meal blood glucose peak and 1-h post-meal of T2DM patients without or with raw cinnamon.

(A) Post-meal mean blood glucose peak (mg/dL) and (B) mean 1-hour post-meal blood glucose (mg/dL) of T2DM men after eating a standardized meal alone (Control) or after prior ingestion of 3 g of raw cinnamon in capsules (3gCaps), 6 g of raw cinnamon in capsules (6gCaps), 3 g of raw cinnamon powder dissolved in water (3gPowder), or 6 g of raw cinnamon powder (6gPowder). The line at the value of 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L) indicates the level up to which renal glucose reabsorption is preserved at physiological rates [200–202] and insulin therapy is not yet necessary [203, 204]. The line at the value of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) indicates the 1-h post-meal threshold used to diagnose T2DM [205] and strongly associated with metabolic disturbances [206]. *p ≤ 0.017 in relation to control.