Table 3. Expression profile of salivary mRNA in Oral Cancer.
| Biomarkers | Study population | Saliva partition | Methods | Expression | Sensitivity | Function | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAB2, COL3A1 | 67 (34 HC, 33 OSCC) | Saliva Supernatant | Real-time PCR | Downregulated | p=0.0023 | Growth signal response and cell division | 116 |
| NUS1, RCN1 | 51 (10 HC, 41 OSCC) | Whole saliva | qRT-PCR | Upregulated. | p=0.037 p=0.011 | Protein modification and Ca binding cell signaling | 117 |
| CYP27A1, NPIPB4, MAOB, SIAE | 67 (34 HC, 33 OSCC) | Saliva Supernatant | Real time PCR | Downregulated | p=0.0016 p=0.0059 p=0.0009 p=0.0370 | Protein modification | 116 |
| IL-8 | 85 (31 HC, 34 OSCC, 20 OLP) | Saliva Supernatant | q-PCR | Upregulated. | p=0.013 | Angiogenesis, cell signaling, and replication | 118 |
| OAZ 1 | 125 (25 HC, 25 OSCC, 25 OSCC-R, 25 OLP, 25 I-OLP) | Saliva Supernatant | q-PCR | Upregulated. | p=0.003 | Biosynthesis of polyamine | 119 |
| SAT | 395 (226 HC, 169 OSCC) | Saliva Supernatant | q-PCR | Upregulated. | p<0.002 | Transferase enzyme | 120 |
| S100P | 125 (25 HC, 25 OSCC, 25 OSCC-R, 25 OLP, 25 I-OLP) | Saliva Supernatant | q-PCR | Upregulated. | p=0.003 | Calcium-binding protein | 121 |
| DUSP1 | 125 (25 HC, 25 OSCC, 25 OSCC-R, 25 OLP, 25 I-OLP) | Saliva Supernatant | q-PCR | Upregulated. | p<0.001 | Cell signaling and protein modification | 121 |
| IL1B H3F3A | 64 (32 HC, 32 OSCC) | Saliva Supernatant | Microarray and qPCR | Upregulated. | p<0.001 | Inflammation, cell proliferation, cell signaling, and H3F3A in the DNA binding process | 122 |
| MAP2K3, B2M | 64 (32 HC, 32 OSCC) | Saliva Supernatant | Microarray and qPCR | Upregulated. | p<0.001 | Protein modification and antiapoptotic | 122 |
| Endothelin-1 | 16 (HC, OSCC) | Saliva Supernatant | RT-PCR | Upregulated. | p<0.001 | Vasoactive peptide | 123 |
p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
HC= Healthy Control; OSCC= oral squamous cell carcinoma; qRT-PCR= quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction; OSCC-R= OSCC recurrence; OLP= oral leukoplakia; NAB2= NGFI-A binding protein 2; NPIPB4= nuclear pore complex interacting protein family, member B4; COL3A1= collagen, type III, alpha 1; MAOB = monoamine oxidase B; qPCR= Quantitative real-time PCR; MAP2K3= Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3; B2M=beta2microglobulin; IL1B= Interleukin 1 beta; H3F3A= H3 histone, family 3A; SIAE= sialic acid acetyltransferase; IL-8= Interleukin 8; S100P= S100 calcium binding protein P; DUSP1= Dual specificity phosphatase 1; OAZ 1= Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1; NUS1= nuclear undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase 1; RCN1= reticulocalbin 1; SAT= Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase.