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. 2024 Oct 9;14:23642. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72576-9

Table 4.

Analysis of variance of independent factors on the incidence and severity.

Source of variation df Mean square
Incidence (%) Severity (%)
Altitude 1 1832.7* 1038.76**
District 8 1318.91*** 536.84***
Variety 1 2257.1** 545.74*
Sowing date 1 1.83 ns 0.04 ns
Sowing method 1 2930.69** 1290.96**
Plant density (m−2) 1 3229.19** 1418.65***
Crop growth stage 2 169.45 ns 34.44 ns
Cropping system 1 6630.54*** 3318.74***
Fertilizer application 1 3785.03*** 1383.32***
Weed management 2 1932.40** 1282.00***

df: Degree of freedom; MS: mean square, values with *, ** and *** implies significant at P = 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 respectively; ns = not significant.