Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants in the overall group of TGD AFAB people and in the two subgroups: 5-year subgroup and 10-year subgroup.
| Parameters | Overall group | 5-year subgroup | 10-year subgroup |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 243 | 75 | 19 |
| Age, mean ± SD (range) | 26.5 ± 7.9 (18–55) | 29.3 ± 8.1 (18–55)** | 30.6 ± 6.4 (20–45)** |
| BMI, mean ± SD (range) kg/m2 | 23.3 ± 5.0 (18.2–42.9) | 23.1 ± 3.9 (18.2–33.9) | 22.2 ± 3.9 (18.2–32.0) |
| Life style, No. (%) | |||
| Physically active | 116/169 (68.6%) | 46/54 (85.2%) | 14/15 (93.3%)** |
| Competitive sport | 27/169 (16.0%) | 14/54 (25.9%)* | 3/15 (20.0%) |
| Non-competitive sport | 89/169 (52.7%) | 32/54 (59.3%) | 11/15 (73.3%) |
| Smokers | 93/169 (55%) | 26/54 (48.1%) | 6/15 (40.0%) |
| < 15 cigarettes/day | 54/169 (32.0%) | 16/54 (29.6%) | 4/15 (26.7%) |
| ≥ 15 cigarettes/day | 39/169 (23.1%) | 10/54 (18.5%) | 2/15 (13.3%) |
| Alcohol consumers | 110/169 (65.1%) | 41/54 (75.9%) | 13/15 (86.7%) |
| 1 U alc./day | 102/169 (60.4%) | 37/54 (68.5%) | 11/15 (73.3%)*** $ |
| >1U alc./day | 8/169 (4.7%) | 4/54 (7.4%) | 2/15 (13.3%)*** $ |
| Diet | |||
| omnivorous | 151/169 (89.4%) | 48/54 (88.9%) | 12/15 (80.0%)$ |
| vegetarian | 14/169 (8.2%) | 5/54 (9.2%) | 2/15 (13.3%) |
| vegan | 4/169 (2.4%) | 1/54 (1.9%) | 1/15 (6.7%)** |
| Hormone assays, mean ± SD | |||
| FSH mUI/mL | 7.2 ± 11.4 | 5.9 ± 7.1* | 4.6 ± 1.6** |
| LH mUI/mL | 10.7 ± 12.7 | 8.6 ± 6.7* | 7.4 ± 3.4** |
| E2 pg/mL | 110.8 ± 82.7 | 115.5 ± 77.5 | 141.7 ± 111.8* |
| T ng/mL | 0.6 ± 0.6 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0.4 ± 0.2** |
| Bone markers, mean ± SD | |||
| BAP U/L | 15.8 ± 7.3 | 14.4 ± 5.2 | 12.7 ± 6.7* |
| Vit. D ng/mL | 19.0 ± 8.7 | 20.7 ± 9.9 | 22.7 ± 10.9 |
| PTH pg/mL | 42.1 ± 18.9 | 39.1 ± 16.9 | 32.7 ± 11.9$** |
| Calcium mg/dL | 9.5 ± 0.4 | 9.5 ± 0.4 | 9.3 ± 0.3* |
| Phosphorus mg/dL | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 3.9 ± 0.6 | 3.7 ± 0.5 |
| DXA, mean ± SD | |||
| BMD LS g/cm2 | 1.174 ± 0.144 | 1.169 ± 0.151 | 1.146 ± 0.135 |
| Z-score LS | 0.070 ± 1.105 | 0.145 ± 1.027 | 0.013 ± 0.912 |
| BMD TH g/cm2 | 1.044 ± 0.134 | 1.031 ± 0.123 | 0.982 ± 0.093**$ |
| Z-score TH | 0.329 ± 0.980 | 0.335 ± 0.907 | 0.121 ± 0.755 |
| BMD FN g/cm2 | 1.002 ± 0.143 | 0.975 ± 0.148 | 0.913 ± 0.114 ** $ |
| Z-score FN | 0.160 ± 1.003 | 0.146 ± 0.956 | −0.195 ± 0.857 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
VS the overall group: ***p-value ≤ 0.001, **p-value ≤ 0.010, and *p-value ≤ 0.050.
VS the 5-year subgroup: $p-value ≤ 0.050.