| The presence of AgNPs in
the hydrophobic layer |
The hydrophilic layer had
a nonwoven structure, while the hydrophobic layer had a 3D scaffold
structure with different patterns |
The knit-like pattern of
the hydrophobic layer exhibited the best mechanical performance among
the four patterns |
The bilayer membrane had
efficient directional-water-transport performance and excellent moisture
management capability |
The bilayer membrane had
high antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus due to the presence of AgNPs in the hydrophobic
layer |
These results
demonstrate
the potential of the bilayer membrane as a promising wound dressing for joint wounds |
(65) |
| Made
from Na-ALG, PVA, and
Cu–Ag MBGNs |
Porous structure with uniform
elemental composition |
Good strength and 45% ductility |
Hydrophilic, biodegradable,
and cytocompatible |
Effective against S. aureus and E. coli |
Promising for skin regeneration
and wound healing |
(66) |
| Scaffold made from polyurethane,
Pluronic F127, quaternized chitosan, silver nitrate, mupirocin, pectin,
and keratin |
Three-layer
structure with
a top layer of polyurethane nanofibers, a middle layer of 3D-printed
Pluronic F127-quaternized chitosan-silver nitrate, and a bottom layer
of core–shell nanofibers of F127-mupirocin/pectin-keratin |
Good mechanical properties
with moderate tensile strength and elastic modulus |
High swelling ratio and
sustained release of Ag ions and mupirocin |
Enhanced antibacterial activity
against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria |
Supported cell adhesion
and viability, promoted angiogenesis, and accelerated wound healing in vitro and in vivo
|
(44) |
| RHCMA,
HAMA, and AgNCs |
Porous,
interconnected network |
Elastic modulus of 10R3H100Ag: 0.25 MPa |
UV-responsive,
shear-thinning,
biocompatible |
Effective
against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa
|
Promoted wound healing in
diabetic rats |
(67) |
| PGSA prepolymer |
3D-printed scaffolds and
conduits |
Swelling
ratio, degradation
rate, mass loss |
Electrical
conductivity |
Cell
viability, proliferation,
guidance |
PGSA–PVP
showed the
best electrical conductivity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility
among the PGSA composites. PGSA composites with microgrooves and electrical
stimulation enhanced cell growth and alignment. PGSA–PVP conduits
showed potential for nerve tissue regeneration |
(49) |
| PCL
modified with plasma
polymer and AgNPs |
3D-printed scaffolds with
interconnected pores and uniform distribution of AgNPs |
Increased hardness and modulus
compared to unmodified PCL |
Improved hydrophilicity
and biocompatibility |
Effective against S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa |
Enhanced wound healing and
angiogenesis in vivo
|
(59) |
| CNC/Chit-MA
hydrogel with
different ratios of CCNC to CChit-MA |
Fibrillar structure with
controlled pore size, dependent on ratio |
Compression Young’s
modulus decreased with increasing ratio |
Shear-thinning and self-healing
properties, water vapor transmission rate of 3210 ± 380 g/m2·24 h, high swelling ratio |
Loaded with gentamicin or
AgNPs for antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa |
Effective release of biologically
active agents, biocompatible, improved wound healing in mice |
(64) |
| AgNPs synthesized by UV
irradiation method using silver nitrate as precursor and PLA as stabilizer |
AgNPs have spherical shape
and size ranging from 20 to 50 nm depending on UV exposure time |
Similar thermal transitions
in PLA and PLA/Ag |
Increased hydrophilicity
with AgNPs |
Not investigated |
Nontoxic, efficient, cost-effective
method for biomedical applications |
(68) |
| Silver–ethylene
interaction:
Ag ions chelate with MBAM monomers to form organometallic complexes,
which are reduced to AgNPs in hydrogel matrix |
Superporous hydrogels: prepared
by using 3D-printed PLA templates and HPMC as pore-making materials |
Mechanical strength: decreased
with increasing AgNP content and porosity |
Water uptake capacity: increased
with increasing AgNP content and porosity |
Increased with increasing
AgNP content; effective against S. aureus and E. coli |
Wound healing: AgNP cross-linked
superporous hydrogel dressings promoted wound healing and reduced
scar tissue formation in vivo
|
(69) |
| Ti6Al4V
alloy, titanate
nanowires, silk fibrin, AgNPs |
Hierarchical porous structure,
multilayered silk-on-silk assembly, Ag core/SF corona micelles |
Adjustable elastic modulus
and strength, sufficient space for bone and blood vessel ingrowth |
Hydrophilic, protein-adsorbing,
bioactive, osteoconductive, osteoinductive |
Sustained Ag+ release, ROS
production, surface nanostructure effects |
Reduced bacterial adhesion
and viability, enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation, improved
bone regeneration |
(70) |
| AgNPs coated on 3D PEEK
scaffold via pDA nanolayer |
AgNPs uniformly anchored
on the surface with diameter of 100 nm; 33.59% porosity of 3D PEEK
scaffold |
No significant
difference
in elastic modulus among pure and modified 3D PEEK scaffolds |
AgNPs endowed 3D PEEK scaffold
with bioactivity and osteogenic differentiation |
3D PEEK/Ag (1 mM) scaffold showed significant antibacterial
effect and antibiofilm formation against E. coli and S. aureus |
3D PEEK/Ag (1 mM) scaffold had good cytocompatibility and osteo-differentiation
and could be a potential material for
bone repair |
(63) |
