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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 10.
Published in final edited form as: Biosens Bioelectron. 2024 May 3;259:116321. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116321

Table 1.

Ca2+ measurement in bovine serum and recovery using commercial and IL-based reference electrodes (n = 3). (Actual concentration of Ca2+ is measured by commercially available Horiba Ca2+ sensor).

Sensor Actual Measured



Concentration Concentration Error



(mM) (mM) (%)

ISE vs. DJ-REa 1.048 1.096 4.8
ISE vs. IL-REb 1.250 1.366 9.3
a

Double-Junction free flow Reference Electrode.

b

Ionic Liquid Based Reference Electrode.