Table 2.
Descriptive statistics comparing patients with isolated local pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma recurrence with patients with local and systemic recurrence
| ILR (n = 252) |
Systemic (n = 473) |
Local and systemic (n = 469) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis, mean (SD), years | 66 (10) | 67 (9) | 67 (10) | 0.76 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 136 (54) | 260 (55) | 244 (52) | 0.66 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 25 (4) | 25 (4) | 25 (4) | 0.58 |
| CACI, mean (SD) | 3 (2) | 3 (2) | 3 (2) | 0.94 |
| Resectability, n (%) | 0.04 | |||
| Resectable | 175 (70) | 374 (79) | 355 (76) | |
| Borderline resectable | 56 (22) | 62 (13) | 81 (17) | |
| Locally advanced | 21 (8) | 36 (8) | 33 (7) | |
| Neoadjuvant therapy, n (%) | 42 (17) | 79 (17) | 66 (14) | 0.47 |
| Completed neoadjuvant therapya, n (%) | 37 (71) | 72 (91) | 61 (92) | 0.60 |
| Preoperative serum CA 19-9 level, median (IQR), U/mL | 157 (34–514) | 154 (47–499) | 179 (48–593) | 0.13 |
| Tumor location, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Head | 226 (90) | 370 (78) | 397 (85) | |
| Body/tail | 26 (11) | 103 (22) | 72 (15) | |
| Vascular resection, n (%) | 99 (39) | 132 (28) | 145 (31) | < 0.01 |
| Tumor stage 8th AJCC edition, n (%) | < 0.01 | |||
| T1 | 22 (9) | 56 (12) | 52 (11) | |
| T2 | 176 (70) | 272 (57) | 264 (56) | |
| T3 | 49 (20) | 140 (29) | 147 (31) | |
| T4 | 5 (2) | 5 (1) | 6 (1) | |
| Tumor differentiation, n (%) | 0.03 | |||
| Well/moderate | 192 (76) | 320 (68) | 323 (69) | |
| Poor | 60 (24) | 153 (32) | 146 (31) | |
| Perineural invasion, n (%) | 217 (86) | 393 (83) | 405 (86) | 0.30 |
| Lymphovascular invasion, n (%) | 139 (55) | 316 (67) | 334 (71) | < 0.001 |
| Lymph node status eighth AJCC edition, n (%) | 0.30 | |||
| N0 | 69 (27) | 119 (25) | 116 (25) | |
| N1 | 103 (41) | 189 (40) | 168 (36) | |
| N2 | 80 (32) | 165 (35) | 185 (39) | |
| Resection margin statusb, n (%) | < 0.01 | |||
| R0 ≥ 1 mm | 103 (41) | 262 (55) | 210 (45) | |
| R1 < 1 mm | 149 (59) | 211 (45) | 259 (55) | |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy, n (%) | 170 (67) | 296 (63) | 264 (56) | 0.01 |
| Completed adjuvant chemotherapya, n (%) | 120 (71) | 199 (74) | 166 (63) | < 0.01 |
| Use of imaging procedures during follow-upc, n (%) | 0.11 | |||
| None/nonstandardized | 195 (78) | 376 (82) | 390 (83) | |
| Standardized | 54 (22) | 84 (18) | 68 (14) |
Percentages may not add up to 100 because of rounding and missing data
a(Neo)adjuvant therapy was considered completed in cases where 80% of the planned number of cycles was received by the patient
bResection margin status was considered microscopically positive (R1 < 1 mm) if tumor cells were present within 1 mm of the closest resection margin, apart from the anterior surface
cPostoperative imaging could have been performed in a standardized fashion at set intervals, or when indicated by clinical symptoms
AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer, BMI body mass index, CA 19-9 carbohydrate antigen 19-9, CACI Charlson age-adjusted comorbidity index, IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation