Table 4.
Key enzyme inhibitory activities of Arthrospira platensis IFRPD 1182 and Arthrospira maxima IFRPD 1183 extracted under different solvent systems.
| Key Relevant Enzymes | Enzyme Inhibition (% Inhibition) | Positive Controls (IC50) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aqueous Extraction | 80% (v/v) Ethanolic Extraction | ||||
| A. platensis | A. maxima | A. platensis | A. maxima | ||
| Lipase 1 | ND | ND | 39.92 ± 3.41 b | 47.44 ± 4.00 a | Orlistat (7.94 µM) * |
| α-amylase 1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | Acarbose (14.58 µM) * |
| α-glucosidase 1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | Acarbose (0.53 µM) $ |
| DPP-IV 1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | Saxagliptin (0.27 µM) * |
| AChE 1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | Donepezil (3.12 µM) # |
| BChE 1 | 14.58 ± 0.92 a | 7.25 ± 0.74 b | ND | ND | Donepezil (2.14 µM) # |
| BACE-1 2 | 54.23 ± 2.13 a | 29.70 ± 2.76 b | 60.35 ± 2.71 b | 71.93 ± 3.20 a | Donepezil (0.14 mM) & |
| ACE 3 | 40.98 ± 0.86 bA | 45.17 ± 0.69 aA | 32.72 ± 2.06 bB | 45.55 ± 3.30 aA | Lisinopril (1.79 nM) |
All data are displayed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of triplicated experiments from three independent sets of samples (n = 3). The superscript lowercase letters indicated statistically different enzyme inhibitory activities of different samples prepared under the same extraction solvent, while superscript uppercase letters indicated statistically different antioxidant activities of the same sample extracted under different solvent systems at p < 0.05 using an unpaired t-test. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; AChE, acetylcholinesterase; BACE-1, β-secretase; BChE, butyrylcholinesterase; DPP-IV, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV; DW, dry weight; IC50, half maximal inhibitory concentration; ND, not detected. 1 Final extract concentration = 2 mg/mL; 2 final extract concentration of aqueous extraction = 2 mg/mL and of 80% (v/v) ethanolic extraction = 0.5 mg/mL; 3 final extract concentration = 0.4 mg/mL. Information was obtained from * Chupeerach et al., 202235, $ Promyos et al., 202037, and # Temviriyanukul et al., 202238. & Experiment was performed in this study, in which donepezil exhibited IC50 of 0.14 ± 0.01 mM or 53.86 ± 4.65 µg/mL against BACE-1, and lisinopril exhibited IC50 of 1.79 ± 0.04 nM or 0.73 ± 0.02 µg/L against ACE.