Table 23. Conversion of 2-MF to Toluene and Furan to Benzene under Ethylene.
Entry | Diene | Pethylene (bar) | Catalyst (Si/Al ratio) | Sub/cat. (wt) | Solvent (conc) | T (°C) | t (h) | Conv (%) | Sel. (%) | Yield (%) | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2-MF | 62 | H-BEA (12.5) | 21 | n-heptane (1.0 M) | 250 | 48 | >99 | 46 | 46 | (304) |
2 | Furan | 62 | H-BEA (12.5) | 21 | n-heptane (1.0 M) | 250 | 72 | 70 | 35 | 25 | (304) |
3 | 2-MF | 40 | H-BEA (22) | n-heptane (1.56 M) | 300 | 20 | 92 | 50 | 46 | (305) | |
4 | furan | 40 | H-BEA (22) | n-heptane (1.56 M) | 300 | 20 | 68 | 28 | 19 | (305) | |
5 | 2-MF | 20 | WOx-ZrO2a | 13.3 | hexadecane (10 wt%) | 250 | 1.5–6 | >99 | 34 | 34 | (318) |
6 | Furan | 20 | WOx-ZrO2a | 13.3 | hexadecane (10 wt%) | 250 | 1.5–6 | >99 | 18 | 18 | (318) |
7 | 2-MF | 40 | 8Nb-MCMb | 87 | 1,4-dioxane (4 M) | 250 | 8 | ∼80 | - | ∼68 | (321) |
8 | Furan | 40 | 8Nb-MCMb | 87 | 1,4-dioxane (4 M) | 250 | 8 | ∼70 | - | ∼52 | (321) |
9 | 2-MF | 35 | CF2ClCOOH | 10 | 1,4-dioxane (0.2 M) | 200 | 24 | 65 | 36 | 23 | (324) |
10 | furan | 35 | CF2ClCOOH | 10 | 1,4-dioxane (0.2 M) | 200 | 24 | 43 | 11 | 5 | (324) |
11 | 2-MF | 35 | Sc(OTf)3 | 100 | 1,4-dioxane (0.2 M) | 200 | 24 | 76 | 46 | 35 | (324) |
12 | Furan | 35 | Sc(OTf)3 | 100 | 1,4-dioxane (0.2 M) | 200 | 24 | 48 | 17 | 8 | (324) |
13 | 2-MF | 30 | H-BEA (12.5) | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 94 | 27 | 25 | (326) |
14 | 2-MF | 30 | AlCl3 | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 82 | 55 | 45 | (326) |
15 | 2-MF | 30 | AlCl3 | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 24 | 99 | 70 | 70 | (326) |
16 | 2-MF | 30 | VCl3 | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 82 | 51 | 42 | (326) |
17 | 2-MF | 30 | CrCl3 | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 76 | 48 | 37 | (326) |
18 | 2-MF | 30 | SnCl4 | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 92 | 34 | 31 | (326) |
19 | 2-MF | 30 | YbCl3 | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 74 | 37 | 28 | (326) |
20 | 2-MF | 30 | ZnCl2 | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 92 | 33 | 30 | (326) |
21 | 2-MF | 30 | Na-Y (2.5) | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 54 | 69 | 38 | (326) |
22 | 2-MF | 30 | Li-Y (2.5) | 23.2 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 8 | 55 | 62 | 34 | (326) |
23 | 2-MF | 35 | Na-Y (2.5) | 11.6 | 1,4-dioxane (11.1 vol%) | 250 | 4–24 | 32–96 | 62–68 | 22–64 | (326) |
15 wt% WO3.
8 wt% of Nb.