Table 3. Catalytic Conversion of Ethanol to BTX over Different Catalystsa.
| Aromatic
distribution (wt%) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entry | Catalyst (Si/Al ratio) | WHSV (h–1) | TOS (h) | T (°C) | Aromatics yield (wt%) | Benzene | Toluene | Xylene | Ref |
| 1 | ZSM-5 (85) | 0.25 | 2 | 400 | 41 | 1.5 | 12.3 | 14.0 | (38) |
| 2 | Nano ZSM-5 (30) | 2.0–3.0 | – | 500 | 50.6 | 2.5 | 17.0 | 27.5 | (36) |
| 3 | Micro ZSM-5 (30) | 2.0–3.0 | – | 500 | 36.3 | 1.1 | 11.7 | 22.3 | (36) |
| 4 | Micro ZSM-5 (100) | 2.0–3.0 | – | 500 | 31.8 | 1.8 | 11.5 | 14.7 | (36) |
| 5 | H-ZSM-5 100-500 nm (70-73) | 1.58 | 1 | 500 | 23–28b | – | – | – | (39) |
| 6 | H-ZSM-5 (15) | 4.73 | 6 | 300–400 | 48–53c | – | – | – | (40) |
| 7 | H-ZSM-5 (15, 40, 140) | 7.9 | 6 | 360 | 41–56c | – | – | – | (40) |
| 8 | ZSM-5 (41, 136) | 7.9 | 6 | 360 | 40–62c | – | – | – | (41) |
| 9 | ZSM-5-HTS (48, 120) | 7.9 | 6 | 360 | 53–57c | – | – | – | (41) |
| 10 | H-MFI (25) | 1.43 | 3.5 | 352 | 30 | – | – | – | (42) |
a
All reactions were carried out in a fixed bed reactor. Ethanol was fully converted. Product was analyzed by GC.
b
Aromatics selectivity.
c
Yields were calculated based on weight of ethanol minus the weight of water.