Table 35. Quantified BTX Yields on Mass Basis for Catalytic Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass^a.

Entry	Feedstock	Catalyst	Reactor	Reaction conditions	Individual yield	BTX yield	Ref
1	Cedar	H-ZSM-5 (40)	Fixed-bed, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 0.25 g, feed: 0.25 g, T: 500 °C, reaction time: 3 min	B: 3.9 wt%	14.4 wt% (2022)	(888)
					T: 4.4 wt%
					X: 6.1 wt%
2	Wood chips	Ni-Lamellar MFI	Fixed-bed and fixed-bed, ex situ, continuous	Catalyst: 5 g, feed: 1 g, Tp: 450 °C, Tc: 420 °C, TOS: 105 min	B: 0.4 wt%	11.6 wt% (2023)	(967)
					T: 1.8 wt%
					X: 9.4 wt%
3	Rape straw	Dual CaO/red mud and H-ZSM-5	Fixed-bed and fixed-bed, ex situ, batch	Catalyst: 8 g, feed: 4 g, Tp: 450 °C, Tc: 550 °C, reaction time: 45 min	B: 3.2 wt%	11.5 wt% (2023)	(896)
					T: 3.0 wt%
					X: 5.3 wt%
4	Poplar	H-ZSM-5 (30)	Frontier-TMR, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 6 mg, feed: 0.6 mg, T: 600 °C	B: 2.0 wt%	10.6 wt% (2017)	(968)
					T: 4.3 wt%
					X: 4.3 wt%
5	Corn stover	H-ZSM-5	CDS-Pyroprobe, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 5 mg, feed: 1 mg, T: 550 °C	B: 3.2 wt%	9.8 wt% (2011)
					T: 2.2 wt%
					X: 4.4 wt%
6	Switchgrass	H-ZSM-5	CDS-Pyroprobe, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 5 mg, feed: 1 mg, T: 550 °C	B: 1.9 wt%	8.4 wt% (2011)	(890)
					T: 3.4 wt%
					X: 3.1 wt%
7	Pine	Ce Mo2N-H-ZSM-5	CDS-Pyroprobe, ex situ, batch	Catalyst: 1.5 mg, feed: 0.3 mg, Tp: 750 °C, Tc: 750 °C	B: 2.0 wt%	8.2 wt% (2018)	(954)
					T: 3.8 wt%
					X: 2.4 wt%
8	Quercus mongolica	Ga/H-ZSM-5	Fixed-bed and fixed-bed, ex situ, batch	Catalyst: 5 g, feed: 15 g, Tp: 650 °C, Tc: 550 °C, reaction time: 120 min	B: 0.5 wt%	7.2 wt% (2021)	(876)
					T: 3.0 wt%
					o-X: 1.2 wt%
					p-X: 2.5 wt%
9	Bamboo residues	Fe-Zn/H-ZSM-5	CDS-Pyroprobe, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 0.67 mg, feed: 0.33 mg, T: 500 °C	B: 0.6 wt%	6.1 wt% (2023)	(898)
					T: 2.8 wt%
					X: 2.7 wt%
10	Rice straw	Ni/ZSM-5	CDS-Pyroprobe, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 0.08 g, feed: 0.02 g, T: 500 °C	B: 1.9 wt%	5.7 wt% (2023)	(969)
					T: 2.6 wt%
					X: 2.2 wt%
11	Quercus variabilis	H-ZSM-5	CDS-Pyroprobe, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 5 mg, feed: 1 mg, T: 600 °C	B: 1.5 wt%	5.4 wt% (2019)	(970)
					T: 3.0 wt%
					X: 0.9 wt%
12	Poplar sawdust	Fe-Ni/ZSM-5	Fixed-bed, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 0.5 mg, feed: 0.5 mg, T: 550 °C, reaction time: 60 min	B: 1.1 wt%	5.2 wt% (2022)	(971)
					T: 1.6 wt%
					X: 2.5 wt%
13	Palm kernel shell	Fe1/Hβ	Fixed-bed and fixed-bed, ex situ, continuous	Catalyst: 5 g, WHSV: 6 h–1, Tp: 500 °C, Tc: 500 °C, TOS: 1 h	B: 0.4 wt%	4.7 wt% (2016)	(972)
					T: 2.0 wt%
					X: 2.3 wt%
14	Oak	Hierarchical H-ZSM-5	Fluidized bed, in situ, batch	Catalyst: 5 g, feed: 4.25 g, T: 500 °C	B: 0.7 wt%	4.6 wt% (2016)	(919)
					T: 2.0 wt%
					p-X: 1.9 wt%
15	Miscanthus	ZSM-5	Spouted bed, in situ, continuous	Catalyst: 20 g, WHSV: 12 h–1, T: 600 °C	B: 1.2 wt%	3.9 wt% (2014)	(955)
					T: 1.6 wt%
					X: 1.1 wt%

^aAbbreviated aromatics include benzene (B), toluene (T), and xylenes (X). T_p: pyrolysis temperature, T_c: catalytic vapor upgrading temperature.