Table 2.

Recent OOC models and related technical features classified according to the immunity‐mediated phenomenon represented

Immunity‐mediated phenomenon	OOC model	Multi‐system interface	Cell models	Ref.
Adipose tissue inflammation	Three concentric compartments in a Si‐based microfluidic chip	Porous barrier formed by a circular capillary channels array	Human pre‐adipocytes; human macrophages	[ 185 ]
	Three‐chamber double‐layer PDMS/glass based microfluidic chip	PET porous membrane (0.4 µm pores)	Human PBMCs; human adipose cells	[ 186 ]
	Single circular chamber in a PDMS‐based microfluidic chip	Cell‐to‐cell direct contact	Murine adipocytes; murine macrophages	[ 187 ]
Airway inflammation	Double‐layer PDMS‐based microfluidic chip	PDMS porous membrane (10 µm pores)	Vascular ECs; human alveolar epithelial cells; human neutrophils; E. coli	[ 188 ]
	Double‐layer PDMS‐based microfluidic chip	Micropore array silicon chip	Human bronchial epithelial cells; human PBMCs	[ 189 ]
	Double‐layer PDMS‐based microfluidic chip	PET porous membrane (0.4 µm pores)	Primary human airway epithelial cells; primary human lung microvascular ECs;	[ 190 ]
Allergy	Two‐parallel channels PDMS‐based microfluidic chip	Single side capillary channel	Mast cells; macrophages	[ 191 ]
	Double‐layer PMMA‐based microfluidic chip	PET porous membrane (0.4 µm pores)	Dendritic cells; keratinocytes	[ 192 ]
	Single channel PDMS‐based microfluidic chip	Multiple cell layers in a microfluidic channel	Basophils; HUVECs; vascular smooth muscle cells	[ 193 ]
Immune system–endothelia interaction	Double‐layer PDMS‐based microfluidic chip	Porous silicon membrane for cell extravasation	Human microvascular ECs; human promyelocytic leukemia cells	[ 194 ]
	Double‐layer PDMS‐based microfluidic chip with Y‐channel	ECM‐liquid	HUVECs; smooth muscle cells; leukocytes; platelets	[ 195 ]
	Three‐parallel channels microfluidic chip	ECM‐liquid interface with trapezoidal pots	HUVECs; human monocytic leukemia cells	[ 196 ]
Immune system‐cancer communication	Three‐parallel channels microfluidic chip	Capillary channel array	PBMCs; tumor cells	[ 197 ]
	Three‐parallel channels microfluidic chip	Hydrogel‐liquid with trapezoidal pots	Receptor‐redirected T cells; liver hepatocellular carcinoma;	[ 198 ]
	Multi‐compartment microfluidic chip	Porous membranes/wells connected by microfluidic channels	Tumor slice; lymph node slice	[ 199 ]
Intestinal inflammation	Double‐layer PDMS‐based microfluidic chip	PDMS porous membrane (10 µm pores)	Intestinal epithelial cells; human capillary ECs; PBMCs; microbial cells	[ 137 ]
	PS made four‐layer Biochip (ChipShop GmbH)	Flow channels and PET porous membrane (8 µm pores)	HUVECs; intestinal epithelial cells	[ 139 ]
	Three‐parallel channels microfluidic chip	ECM‐liquid interface (PhaseGuideTM)	Human monocyte leukemia cell line; Intestinal epithelial cells	[ 200 ]
Intra‐amniotic inflammation	Three‐parallel channels microfluidic chip	ECM‐liquid interface	Macrophages; HUVECs; human carcinoma	[ 201 ]
	Three‐parallel channels microfluidic chip	PDMS micropillars array	Differentiated hiPSCs; E. coli	[ 202 ]
Inflammation in gut‐liver axis	Multi organ‐on‐chip in a plate	Wells connected by microfluidic channels	Intestinal epithelial cells; hepatocytes; macrophages	[ 203 ]
BBB‐immune system interaction	Hollow polypropylene fibres	Substrate membranes with sub‐micrometric pores	Normal adult human brain microvascular ECs; human adult astrocytes; human monocytic leukemia cells	[ 170 ]
	Transwell mimetic flow chamber	Nano‐porous SiN membrane (50 nm pores)	CD34+ derived ECs; T cells; pericyte‐conditioned medium	[ 156 ]
Neuroinflammation	PDMS‐based multichamber microfluidic system	Circular micro‐capillary array	Immortalized human microglia; AD neurons; astrocytes	[ 174 ]

PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; EC, endothelial cell; PET, polyethylene terephtalate; PDMS, polydimethilsiloxane.