Figure 4.

Overview of proteins used to tweak pharmacokinetics of liposomes and EVs. The blood circulation time of liposomes and EVs can be prolonged by the incorporation of 1) dysopsonic proteins, such as, albumin, and 2) phagocytic clearance evading proteins, such as, CD47. Liposomes and EVs have been actively targeted toward tumors and diseased tissues by the incorporation of 3) antibodies, 4) targeting peptides, 5) antibody‐fragments, and 6) targeting proteins. 7) Cellular uptake and subsequent cytoplasmic delivery of therapeutic cargo has been enhanced by decorating the surface of liposomes and EVs with virus‐inspired peptides, such as, GALA‐peptide. Moreover, cellular delivery has been enhanced by incorporating 8) albumin, 9) gap‐junction proteins such as, CxC43, and 10) other fusogenic peptides.