Figure 2.

Timeline of early cell recruitment to biomaterials after implantation. Immediately after biomaterial implantation, proteins are adsorbed on the material surface followed by the adhesion of platelets and blood cells. The innate immune system response causes a rapid influx of neutrophils and macrophages, which interact with each other, T helper cells and other signals in the microenvironment. The foreign body response occurs later when macrophages fuse into foreign body giant cells and fibroblasts produce fibrous tissue to encapsulate foreign materials. The x‐axis represents time and the y‐axis represents the relative distance of cells away from the biomaterial. Produced using the cell templates from Servier Medical Art under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.