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Schematic representation of the preparation of the bilayered gene activated composite osteochondral scaffold: the hyaline cartilage layer was made with a mix of chitosan‐gelatin (CG) whereas HAP/chitosan‐gelatin (HCG) were used for the subchondral bone layer. pTGF‐ β1: plasmid TGF‐ β1; pBMP‐2: plasmid BMP‐2; MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; CG: chitosan‐gelatin; HCG: hydroxyapatite/chitosan‐gelatin. Reproduced with permission.[ 75 ] Copyright 2011, Elsevier.
