TABLE 2.
Early donor complications, n = 447
| Complications | Comments | Numbers |
|---|---|---|
| Dindo-Clavien 1 | ||
| Urinary retention | 60 | |
| Other genitourinary problems | (3 hydrocele, 1 macrohematuria, 1 penis ulcer) | 5 |
| Pneumothorax | Without chest drain | 7 |
| Chyle leakage | Without further intervention | 4 |
| Severe hematoma | No blood transfusion or intervention | 16 |
| Secondary wound healing | Bedside opening | 3 |
| Psychological problems during hospitalization | 44 | |
| Pain scale >7 at dischargea | 42 | |
| Severe vomitus | ≥2 d | 14 |
| Intraoperative positioning-related complications | (5 rhabdomyolysis, 2 severe shoulder or back pain, 6 nerve lesion,1 costal fracture) | 14 |
| Anesthesia-related complications | (1 teeth damage, 1 glottis lesion, 1 keratitis, 3 severe headache >2 d postoperative) | 6 |
| Severe skin emphysema | After retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy | 2 |
| Allergic skin reaction | Only topical treatment | 11 |
| Retained needle | Asymptomatic, no further intervention | 1 |
| Dindo-Clavien 2 | ||
| Urinary tract infection | Requiring antibiotics | 52 |
| Wound infection | Requiring antibiotics | 27 |
| Bronchopulmonary infection | Requiring antibiotics | 14 |
| Epididymitis | Requiring antibiotics | 5 |
| Septicemia | Venous line associated | 3 |
| Other infections | Requiring antimicrobial agents | 18 |
| Acute hepatitis | Drug related | 1 |
| Paralytic ileus | Prolonged ileus >2 d | 6 |
| Thrombosis | Right arm | 1 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 1 | |
| Severe hematoma | Requiring blood transfusion | 19 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 1 arterial fibrillation, 1 AV reentry tachycardia | 2 |
| Bronchospasm postsurgery | Known asthma bronchiale | 2 |
| Allergic reaction | 6 | |
| Other | 4 | |
| Dindo-Clavien 3a | ||
| Pulmonary edema | ICU admission, noninvasive ventilation, loop diuretics | 1 |
| Urethral stricture | Need for incision | 1 |
| Pneumothorax | Chest drainage | 5 |
| Lymphatic fistula | Percutaneous drainage | 1 |
| Chyle leakage | Percutaneous drainage | 3 |
| Iatrogenic diaphragm perforation | Chest drainage | 3 |
| Dindo-Clavien 3b | ||
| Carotid dissection | Need for reoperation | 1 |
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | Recurrent urine retention, TURP | 1 |
| Testicular torsion | Reoperation with orchiectomy | 1 |
| Lesion of vena cava | Intraoperative revision, no blood transfusion | 2 |
| Lymphatic fistula | Reoperation | 1 |
| Hydrocele | Revision 4 mo after nephrectomy | 1 |
| Hernia | Reoperation | 4 |
| Retroperitoneal hematoma | Reoperation | 8 |
| Chyle leakage | Reoperation | 4 |
| Small bowel perforation | Reoperation | 1 |
| Mechanic ileus | Reoperation | 2 |
| Anal fistula | Reoperation | 1 |
| Arterial lesionb | Intraoperative revision 2/4, reoperation 2/4, 1/4 with mass transfusions | 4 |
| Diffuse venous bleeding | Reoperation, 2/3 needed blood transfusions | 3 |
| Need for abdominoplasty | Reoperation | 1 |
| Dindo-Clavien 4a | ||
| Chyle leakage retroperitoneal | Percutaneous drainage, need for parenteral nutrition, catheter sepsis | 1 |
| Arterial lesion (vessel with diameter 1mm in the adrenal region) | Life-threating intraoperative bleeding, successful embolization | 1 |
| Perforation of the terminal ileum | Life-threating intraoperative bleeding, need for evacuation of hematoma | 1 |
| Perforation of the jejunum | During the course development of sepsis and pulmonary embolism | 1 |
| Aortic lesion | Life-threating intraoperative bleeding | 1 |
| Severe rhabdomyolysis | Acute kidney failure, need for hemofiltration, muscle damage after surgery | 1 |
| Myocardial infarction | NSTEMI, ICU admission | 1 |
| Dindo-Clavien 4b | ||
| Pulmonary embolism | Resuscitation, ICU admission, full recovery | 1 |
| Total | n = 447 |
aPain scale information was available for 2221 donors in total.
bRenal arterial branches (n = 2), internal iliac artery (n = 1), and epigastric artery (n = 1).
ICU, intensive care unit; NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; TURP, transurethral resection of the prostate.