Table 1.

Heating and cooling period averages compared to the 1997–2022 February–March means. Flux values are calculated with ERA5 daily average net fluxes taken at the closest grid point to Davies Reef (short-wave ($Q_{\mathit{SW}}$), long-wave ($Q_{\mathit{LW}}$), sensible heat ($Q_H$), and latent heat ($Q_E$) and net flux ($Q^{\ast }$)). Wind speed (WSP) and direction (WDR) are calculated with AIMS Davies Reef AWS observations. Mean values are not calculated for the 1$_{}^{\circ }$ cloud fraction or relative humidity (RH) as Himawari-8/AHI data is only available from 2015 and RH data from 2008.

	Heating	Cooling	FEB–MAR
	(FEB 20$\text{th}$–MAR 10$\text{th}$)	(MAR 11$\text{th}$–18$\text{th}$)	’97-’22 mean
$Q^{\ast }$ (Wm$_{}^{-2}$)	128.6	$-$162.6	6.9
$Q_{\mathit{SW}}$ (Wm$_{}^{-2}$)	275.4	158.2	232.3
$Q_{\mathit{LW}}$ (Wm$_{}^{-2}$)	$-$49.7	$-$44.8	$-$52.2
$Q_H$ (Wm$_{}^{-2}$)	$-$4.7	$-$26.2	$-$12.7
$Q_E$ (Wm$_{}^{-2}$)	$-$92.4	$-$249.8	$-$160.6
WSP (ms$_{}^{-1}$)	6.7	10	7.5
WDR ($_{}^{\circ }$)	9.8	110.4	90.2
RH (%)	78	71.7	-
$d{T}_{4m}/dt$ ($_{}^{\circ }$Cday$_{}^{-1}$)	0.1	$-$0.27	–
1$_{}^{\circ }$ Cloud Fraction (%)	52.2	93.1	–