Table 1.
Basic clinical characteristics of patients with different MACCEs outcomes
| Characteristic |
Total (n = 1663) |
UN-MACCEs (n = 1125) |
MACCEs (n = 538) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66 (56,72) | 64 (54,71) | 69 (61,74) | <0.001** |
| Female, n (%) | 550 (33.07) | 360 (32.00) | 190 (35.32) | 0.179 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.70 (22.40,27.57) | 24.91 (22.66,27.89) | 24.22 (21.65,26.87) | <0.001** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | <0.001** | |||
| <22.39 | 415 (24.95) | 244 (21.69) | 171 (31.78) | |
| 22.39~24.69 | 414 (24.89) | 290 (25.78) | 124 (23.05) | |
| 24.70~27.57 | 418 (25.14) | 282 (25.07) | 136 (25.28) | |
| ≥27.58 | 416 (25.02) | 309 (27.47) | 107 (19.89) | |
| Heart Rate (bmp) | 77 (68,89) | 78 (68,90) | 77 (68,88) | 0.365 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 129 (114,146) | 130 (116,146) | 128 (112,145) | 0.075 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77 (68,89) | 78 (69,90) | 75 (66,86) | <0.001** |
| NYHA Class, n (%) | <0.001** | |||
| I | 123 (7.4) | 99 (8.80) | 24 (4.46) | |
| II | 669 (40.23) | 506 (44.98) | 163 (30.30) | |
| III | 710 (42.69) | 442 (39.29) | 268 (49.81) | |
| IV | 161 (9.68) | 78 (6.93) | 83 (15.43) | |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 972 (58.45) | 655 (58.22) | 317 (58.92) | 0.786 |
| CHD | 613 (36.86) | 399 (35.47) | 214 (39.78) | 0.088 |
| DM | 525 (31.57) | 316 (28.09) | 209 (38.85) | <0.001** |
| Hyperlipidemia | 244 (14.67) | 185 (16.44) | 59 (10.97) | 0.003* |
| AF | 612 (36.8) | 391 (34.76) | 221 (41.08) | 0.012* |
| Smoke, n (%) | 491 (29.52) | 345 (30.67) | 146 (27.14) | 0.140 |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 283 (17.02) | 196 (17.42) | 87 (16.17) | 0.525 |
| IVSTd (cm) | 0.90 (0.80,1.02) | 0.90 (0.80,1.00) | 0.90 (0.80,1.04) | 0.731 |
| LVPWTd (cm) | 0.90 (0.80,1.00) | 0.90 (0.80,1.00) | 0.90 (0.80,1.00) | 0.667 |
| LVDd(cm) | 5.89 (5.35,6.53) | 5.89 (5.35,6.50) | 5.89 (5.37,6.65) | 0.236 |
| LAD(cm) | 4.66 (4.30,5.10) | 4.66 (4.25,5.00) | 4.72 (4.40,5.33) | <0.001** |
| LVEF (%) | 41 (32,51) | 41 (33,52) | 41 (31,50) | 0.007* |
| BNP (pg/mg) | 347 (151,734) | 300 (127,659) | 475 (213,949) | <0.001** |
| ALT (U/L) | 20.1 (13.8,31.3) | 20.7 (14.5,31.6) | 18.5 (12.8,29.4) | 0.002* |
| AST (U/L) | 21.3 (17.0,28.4) | 21.3 (17.1,28.0) | 21.2 (16.5,29.2) | 0.869 |
| LDH (U/L) | 215 (184,258) | 213 (181,254) | 219 (187,271) | <0.001** |
| TBIL (μmol/L) | 13.6 (9.4,19.3) | 13.5 (9.5,18.9) | 14.1 (9.2,19.6) | 0.834 |
| Total Protein (g/L) | 64.4 (60.6,68.8) | 64.7 (61.1,69.1) | 63.4 (59.6,67.8) | <0.001** |
| ALB/GLB | 1.56 (1.37 ,1.74) | 1.57 (1.40,1.75) | 1.50 (1.29,1.68) | <0.001** |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.95 (4.48,5.86) | 4.92 (4.49,5.72) | 5.05 (4.45,6.13) | 0.084 |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 76 (63,95) | 73 (62,89) | 83 (67,113) | <0.001** |
| UA (μmol/L) | 422 (335,523) | 407 (328,498) | 446 (350,566) | <0.001** |
| TG (mg/dL) | 1.10 (0.81,1.57) | 1.15 (0.85,1.66) | 1.02 (0.74,1.38) | <0.001** |
| TC (mg/dL) | 3.79 (3.18,4.54) | 3.90 (3.29,4.68) | 3.54 (2.95,4.29) | <0.001** |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 1.00 (0.81,1.23) | 1.00 (0.83,1.24) | 0.98 (0.78,1.23) | 0.102 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 2.12 (1.61,2.76) | 2.21 (1.69,2.85) | 1.93 (1.47,2.59) | <0.001** |
| Apo-A1 (g/L) | 0.92 (0.80,1.07) | 0.93 (0.82,1.08) | 0.87 (0.75,1.02) | <0.001** |
| Apo-B (g/L) | 0.67 (0.53,0.83) | 0.69 (0.55,0.86) | 0.62 (0.49,0.78) | <0.001** |
| Ca (mmol/L) | 2.31 (2.23,2.41) | 2.32 (2.24,2.42) | 2.29 (2.19,2.39) | <0.001** |
| P (mmol/L) | 1.10 (0.99,1.22) | 1.10 (0.99,1.22) | 1.10 (0.98,1.22) | 0.981 |
| K (mmol/L) | 3.93 (3.70,4.20) | 3.93 (3.70,4.17) | 3.96 (3.69,4.25) | 0.129 |
| Na (mmol/L) | 141.3 (139.7,142.8) | 141.3 (139.8,142.8) | 141.2 (139.5,142.8) | 0.241 |
| Cl (mmol/L) | 105.0 (102.9,106.9) | 105.1 (103.2,106.9) | 104.7 (102.0,107.1) | 0.037* |
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.90 (2.70,6.65) | 3.90 (2.60,6.50) | 4.10 (2.82,7.77) | 0.009* |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 88.7 (69.1,108.0) | 92.8 (75.8,110.4) | 78.8 (53.9,98.5) | <0.001** |
| WBC (10^9/L) | 6.1 (5.0,7.3) | 6.1 (5.1,7.3) | 6.0 (4.8,7.4) | 0.083 |
| GRA (%) | 63.2 (57.5,69.4) | 62.4 (56.5,68.0) | 65.4 (58.9,72.1) | <0.001** |
| RBC (10^12/L) | 4.40 (3.95,4.81) | 4.45 (4.07,4.89) | 4.21 (3.73,4.65) | <0.001** |
| HGB (g/L) | 134 (120.,147) | 136 (123,149) | 129 (112,142) | <0.001** |
| PLT (10^9/L) | 177 (141,216) | 179 (145,219) | 169 (130,210) | <0.001** |
| HbA1c(%) | 6.0 (5.6,6.7) | 6.0 (5.6,6.6) | 6.1 (5.7,7.0) | <0.001** |
| Drug therapy, n(%) | ||||
| ACEI/ARB/ARNI | 1169 (70.29) | 834 (74.13) | 335 (62.27) | <0.001** |
| Beta-blocker | 1301 (78.23) | 888 (78.93) | 413 (76.77) | 0.316 |
| MRA | 1071 (64.4) | 726 (64.53) | 345 (64.13) | 0.871 |
| SGLT2i | 328 (19.72) | 248 (22.04) | 80 (14.87) | <0.001** |
| Diuretic | 1071 (64.4) | 669 (59.47) | 402 (74.72) | <0.001** |
| Digoxin | 197 (11.85) | 112 (9.96) | 85 (15.80) | <0.001** |
| Antiplatelet agent | 674 (40.53) | 457 (40.62) | 217 (40.33) | 0.911 |
| Statins | 1005 (60.43) | 676 (60.09) | 329 (61.15) | 0.678 |
| CCB | 256 (15.39) | 167 (14.84) | 89 (16.54) | 0.369 |
BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, NYHA new york heart association, CHD coronary heart disease, DM diabetes mellitus, AF atrial fibrillation, ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor inhibitor, ARNI angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, MRA mineralocorticoidreceptor, SGLT2i Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, CCB calcium channel blocker. BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, ALT aspartate transaminase, AST alanine aminotransferase, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, TBIL total bilirubin, ALB albumin, GLB globulin, Cr creatinine, UA uric acid, TG triglyceride, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, CRP C-creative protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, IVSTD interventricular septal thickness at diastole, LVPWTd left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness, LVDd left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LAD left atrial diameter, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, WBC white blood cell, GRA granulocyte, RBC red blood cell, HGB hemoglobin, PLT platelet count, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c
*P<0.05 **P<0.001