Table 2. Recovery goals and barriers for patients consulted by the CRS service in the TJUH emergency department in Philadelphia, stratified by drug of choice.

n = number of individuals, % = percentage of individuals in cohort, a = not collected for drug use and alcohol use (n=40 and n=10, respectively), b = not collected for drug use and alcohol use (n=39 and n=10, respectively), c = not collected for drug use and alcohol use (n=44 and n=10, respectively), d = not collected for drug use and alcohol use (n=39 and n=10, respectively)

CRS: Certified Recovery Specialist, TJUH: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital

	Drug use (n, %)	Alcohol use (n, %)
Prior recovery modalitiesa
Inpatient	78 (59.1)	28 (60.9)
Mutual support meetings	7 (5.3)	1 (2.2)
Outpatient buprenorphine	7 (5.3)	n/a
Outpatient methadone	15 (11.4)	n/a
Outpatient naltrexone	1 (0.8)	0 (0)
Recovery housing	1 (0.8)	1 (2.2)
None	14 (10.6)	12 (26.1)
Other	9 (6.8)	4 (8.7)
Goals for after this visitb
Inpatient treatment	73 (54.9)	24 (52.2)
Mutual support meetings	0 (0)	4 (8.7)
Outpatient buprenorphine	5 (3.8)	0 (0)
Outpatient methadone	8 (6)	n/a
Outpatient naltrexone	1 (0.8)	0 (0)
Recovery housing	2 (1.5)	0 (0)
None	16 (12)	8 (17.4)
Other	28 (21.1)	10 (21.7)
Living situation following dischargec
Family residence	28 (16.3)	11 (19.6)
Friend residence	4 (2.3)	0 (0)
Personal residence	41 (23.8)	23 (41)
Shelter	1 (0.6)	2 (3.6)
Undomiciled	43 (25)	9 (16.1)
Other	11 (6.4)	1 (1.8)
Barriers to treatmentd
Difficulty navigating system	32 (24.1)	11 (23.9)
Employment obligations	0 (0)	1 (2.2)
Family obligations	3 (2.3)	1 (2.2)
Medical comorbidities	52 (39.1)	18 (39.1)
Prior poor experiences	6 (4.5)	6 (13)
Stigma from medical system	7 (5.3)	0 (0)
Transportation needs	4 (3)	0 (0)
Other	29 (21.8)	9 (19.6)