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. 2024 Oct 12;14:23874. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-74600-4

Table 12.

Performance comparison of the predictive solution and predictive parameter of Eq. (50).

Case PINN(Inline graphic) PINN(Inline graphice)
Loss 7.3111 × 10−7 9.7328 × 10−7
Inline graphic Error u 5.7212 × 10−3 5.07647 × 10−3
Error Inline graphic 8.1902% 3.7163%
Inline graphic 29.9181 30.037