Table 4.
Univariate analysis of risk factors associated with complication following radical gastrectomy.
| Complication group (n = 301), n (%) |
Control group (n = 2207), n (%) |
OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.099 | ||||
| Male | 236 (78.4) | 1633 (74.0) | Reference | ||
| Female | 65 (21.6) | 574 (26.0) | 0.784 (0.586, 1.048) | ||
| Age (years) | 0.001 | ||||
| ≤ 65 | 188 (62.5) | 1584 (71.8) | Reference | ||
| > 65 | 113 (37.5) | 623 (28.2) | 1.528 (1.189, 1.964) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.311 | ||||
| 18.5–28 | 252 (83.7) | 1850 (83.8) | Reference | ||
| < 18.5 | 11 (3.7) | 119 (5.4) | 0.679 (0.361, 1.276) | 0.229 | |
| > 28 | 38 (12.6) | 238 (10.8) | 1.172 (0.812, 1.692) | 0.396 | |
| Hypertension | 0.330 | ||||
| Absence | 220 (73.1) | 1670 (75.7) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 81 (26.9) | 537 (24.3) | 1.145 (0.872, 1.504) | ||
| Diabetes | < 0.001 | ||||
| Absence | 238 (79.1) | 1975 (89.5) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 63 (20.9) | 232 (10.5) | 2.253 (1.654, 3.070) | ||
| Cardia-cerebrovascular disease | 0.098 | ||||
| Absence | 266 (88.4) | 2015 (91.3) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 35 (11.6) | 192 (8.7) | 1.381 (0.942, 2.024) | ||
| Anaemia | 0.527 | ||||
| Absence | 223 (74.1) | 1672 (75.8) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 78 (25.9) | 535 (24.2) | 1.093 (0.830, 1.440) | ||
| Hypoalbuminemia | 0.610 | ||||
| Absence | 270 (89.7) | 2000 (90.6) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 31 (10.3) | 207 (9.4) | 1.109 (0.745, 1.652) | ||
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 0.919 | ||||
| Absence | 278 (92.4) | 2042 (92.5) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 23 (7.6) | 165 (7.5) | 1.024 (0.650, 1.612) | ||
| Pyloric obstruction | 0.016 | ||||
| Absence | 256 (85.0) | 1979 (89.7) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 45 (15.0) | 228 (10.3) | 1.526 (1.080, 2.155) | ||
| Gastrointestinal hemorrhage | 0.326 | ||||
| Absence | 246 (81.7) | 1853 (84.0) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 55 (18.3) | 354 (16.0) | 1.170 (0.855, 1.601) | ||
| Abdominal operation history | 0.584 | ||||
| Absence | 248 (82.4) | 1846 (83.6) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 53 (17.6) | 361 (16.4) | 1.093 (0.796, 1.501) | ||
| Preoperative ASA score | 0.390 | ||||
| I–II | 264 (87.7) | 1972 (89.4) | Reference | ||
| III–IV | 37 (12.3) | 235 (10.6) | 1.176 (0.813, 1.702) | ||
| Operation start time | 0.624 | ||||
| Morning | 163 (54.2) | 1162 (52.7) | Reference | ||
| Afternoon | 138 (45.8) | 1045 (47.3) | 0.941 (0.739, 1.199) | ||
| Digestive tract reconstruction | < 0.001 | ||||
| Esophagogastric anastomosis | 58 (19.3) | 493 (22.3) | Reference | ||
| Esophagojejunal Roux-en-Y | 88 (29.2) | 442 (20.0) | 1.692 (1.186, 2.415) | 0.004 | |
| Esophagojejunal Billroth II +braun | 13 (4.3) | 85 (3.9) | 1.300 (0.683, 2.475) | 0.425 | |
| Gastroduodenostomy Billroth I | 55 (18.3) | 624 (28.3) | 0.749 (0.509, 1.104) | 0.144 | |
| Gastrojejunum Roux-en-Y | 33 (11.0) | 132 (6.0) | 2.125 (1.330, 3.395) | 0.002 | |
| Gastrojejunum Billroth II | 54 (17.9) | 431 (19.5) | 1.065 (0.719, 1.577) | 0.753 | |
| Operative approach | 0.876 | ||||
| Open | 178 (59.1) | 1321 (59.9) | Reference | ||
| Laparoscopic | 99 (32.9) | 728 (33.0) | 1.009 (0.777, 1.311) | 0.945 | |
| Robot-assisted | 24 (8.0) | 158 (7.2) | 1.127 (0.714, 1.780) | 0.607 | |
| Operative duration (min) | < 0.001 | ||||
| ≤ 215 | 159 (52.8) | 1472 (66.7) | Reference | ||
| > 215 | 142 (47.2) | 735 (33.3) | 1.789 (1.403, 2.281) | ||
| Intraoperative blood loss (ml) | < 0.001 | ||||
| ≤ 275 | 182 (60.5) | 1631 (73.9) | Reference | ||
| > 275 | 119 (39.5) | 576 (26.1) | 1.851 (1.442, 2.377) | ||
| Postoperative ICU transition | 0.008 | ||||
| Absence | 270 (89.7) | 2070 (93.8) | Reference | ||
| Presence | 31 (10.3) | 137 (6.2) | 1.735 (1.151, 2.614) | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | 0.024 | ||||
| ≤ 5 | 201 (66.8) | 1611 (73.0) | Reference | ||
| > 5 | 100 (33.2) | 596 (27.0) | 1.345 (1.039, 1.740) | ||
| Tumor stage (pathological) | 0.343 | ||||
| I | 94 (31.2) | 745 (33.8) | Reference | ||
| II | 73 (24.3) | 577 (26.1) | 1.003 (0.725, 1.387) | 0.987 | |
| III | 134 (44.5) | 885 (40.1) | 1.200 (0.906, 1.590) | 0.204 | |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American society of Aneshesiologists; ICU, intensive care unit.