Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Oct 13.
Published in final edited form as: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2024 Apr 13;57(1):138–151. doi: 10.1007/s10578-024-01702-5

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Potential effect modification of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPD) in the associations of spousal relationship quality and social support with maternal responsiveness

(A) Association between emotional support from spouse and maternal responsiveness; (B) Association between conflict with spouse and maternal responsiveness; (C) Association between overall social support from family and friends and maternal responsiveness; and (D) Association between social support from friends and maternal responsiveness.

Note: Models were adjusted for treatment group, monthly household income, preterm birth, and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) at postpartum.

Graphic created using STATA 15.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).