Figure 6.

Blockade of IL-9 enhances GUT integrity: (A) IL-9 treatment of Caco2 cell line monolayers over a 96 h experimental period induces translocation of FITC-inulin from the apical to basal side. (B) H&E staining of large intestine tissues. (C-D) Colon length. (E) Measurement of gut integrity in sham and Ovx operated mice. FITC dextran was administered orally to each experimental mice. Fluorescence intensity was measured at excitation: 488 nm and emission 528 nm as an indicative of gut integrity. (F-G) Relative gene expression of tight junctional proteins claudin and occludin in the large intestine. (H) Stacked bar plots showing the abundance of phylum in the groups. Phyla are coded in different colors with each showing the relative abundance of that specific phylum. (I) Pie chart showing the various alpha diversity metric used to compare within sample microbiome diversity. Alpha diversity values are plotted for the following metrices: Shannon (which signifies both richness and evenness of the species in the sample). (J) Simpson. (K) Chao 1 (signify species richness in the sample). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed by unpaired Student t test and analyzed by one-way ANOVA. ^*p ≤ 0.05, ^**p ≤ 0.01, ^***p ≤ 0.001, ^****p ≤ 0.0001) compared with the indicated group.