Table 1.

Clinical findings, laboratory values and HEV ORF2 IHC on autopsy kidneys, patients 1-4²⁴

	Chronic hepatitis E	Acute hepatitis E
	Patient 1	Patient 2	Patient 3	Patient 4
HEV genotype	HEV-3h_s	HEV-3h_s	HEV-3	HEV-3h_s
Age: 63 ± 5 years Sex: 3 males, 1 female	50−59	50–59	60–69	70–79
History of liver disease	chronic HEV infection	cirrhosis due to NASH	cirrhosis due to NASH/ASH	cirrhosis due to ASH
Viral load in liver	4.4 × 106	n.a.	n.a	n.a
History of kidney disease	IgA nephropathy, kidney TPL	unknown	unknown	unknown
Viral load in kidney	0	n.a.	n.a.	n.a
Immunosuppression (IS)	yes	no	no	no
basis IS / add on IS	tacrolimus, MMF / corticosteroids	-	-	-
Urea max. (mmol/)	hemodialysis	n.a.	25	n.a.
Creatinine max. (umol/l)	573	188	180	> 200
eGFR min. (ml/min/1.73m2)	hemodialysis	33	25	n.a.
Serum albumin min. (g/l)	11	26	26	24
Proteinuria	yes	yes	yes	n.a.
HEV RNA in blood	1.2 × 108 IU/mL	4.0 × 106 IU/mL	4.6 × 104 IU/mL	2.2 × 103 IU/mL
HEV ORF2 immunohistochemistry on autopsy kidney (scale bar: 50 µm)
Staining intensity, semiquantitative	+++	+	+	+

ASH, alcoholic steatohepatitis; HEV, hepatitis E virus; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; TPL, transplantation. Viral load expressed as HEV genome copy number/µg total RNA. n.a., information not available. Scale bars: 50 µm.