Fig. 2.

Power results in simulations with exchangeable and AR(1) correlation structures for a sample size of 25. Each trace represents a different test statistic. Different simulation settings are distinguished by correlation structure across rows and by rank of the binary covariate effect across columns. Exchangeable refers to an exchangeable correlation structure with low or high correlation and AR(1) refers to a first-order autoregressive structure. MDMR, multivariate distance matrix regression; MC-MDMR, multiple MDMR statistics after Bonferroni correction; MMR, multivariate multiple regression using Pillai’s trace.