Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with lung lesions suspected of having early-stage lung cancer.
| Lung Cancer* | Benign | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 114) | (n = 50) | |||
| Age, years | Median (IQR) | 70 (59–77) | 62 (59–76) | 0.357 |
| Sex | Men | 71 (62.3) | 21 (42.0) | 0.016 |
| Women | 43 (37.7) | 29 (58.0) | ||
| Smoking history | Never | 40 (35.1) | 23 (46.0) | 0.186 |
| Ever | 74 (64.9) | 27 (54.0) | ||
| CCI score | 1 | 67 (60.9) | 25 (73.5) | 0.181 |
| ≥ 2 | 43 (39.1) | 9 (26.5) | ||
| COPD | No | 78 (70.9) | 19 (45.2) | 0.003 |
| Yes | 32 (29.1) | 23 (54.8) | ||
| Location | Inner | 15 (13.2) | 8 (16.0) | 0.786 |
| Mid | 52 (45.6) | 24 (48.0) | ||
| Outer | 47 (41.2) | 18 (36.0) | ||
| Diameter, cm | Median (IQR) | 2.8 (2.1–3.9) | 3.0 (1.6–4.0) | 0.797 |
| < 3 | 58 (50.9) | 24 (48.0) | 0.734 | |
| ≥ 3 | 56 (49.1) | 26 (52.0) | ||
| Bronchus sign | Yes | 94 (82.5) | 40 (80.0) | 0.708 |
| No | 20 (17.5) | 10 (20.0) | ||
| Necrosis | Yes | 44 (38.6) | 23 (46.0) | 0.375 |
| No | 70 (61.4) | 27 (54.0) | ||
| Laterality | Right | 65 (57.0) | 35 (70.0) | 0.117 |
| Left | 49 (43.0) | 15 (30.0) | ||
| BW cytology | Positive | 33 (28.9) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Negative | 81 (71.1) | 50 (100.0) | ||
| Diagnosis | Clinical | 0 (0.0) | 28 (56.0) | <0.001 |
| Surgical lung biopsy | 16 (14.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| PCNB | 85 (74.6) | 21 (42.0) | ||
| EBUS | 8 (7.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| TBLB | 3 (2.6) | 1 (2.0) | ||
| Pleural biopsy | 2 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Complication | No | 89 (78.1) | 42 (84.0) | 0.383 |
| Yes | 25 (21.9) | 8 (16.0) | ||
| Pneumothorax | 9 (5.5) | 4 (2.4) | ||
| Pneumothorax requiring chest tube | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.6) | ||
| Pulmonary hemorrhage | 13 (7.9) | 3 (1.8) | ||
| Pulmonary hemorrhage requiring ICU care | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | ||
| Pneumothorax + Pulmonary hemorrhage | 3 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Extrapleural hematoma | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) |
IQR = interquartile range; CCI = Charlson comorbidity index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BW, bronchial washing; PCNB = percutaneous needle biopsy; EBUS = endobronchial ultrasound; TBLB = transbronchial lung biopsy; ICU = intensive care unit.
⁎
Of 114 lung cancer patients, 27 had squamous cell carcinoma, 76 had adenocarcinoma, and 11 had small cell carcinoma.