FIG. 5.

PPARα-RXRα activates synthesis of RNA and DNA of HBV. After incubation with the indicated DNA in a calcium phosphate precipitate for 8 h, Huh7 cells were washed and incubated in medium containing 1 mM clofibric acid (Sigma), a ligand for PPARα, and 1 μM 9-cis-retinoic acid (Sigma), a ligand for RXRα, for 40 h before they were harvested for RNA and DNA. (A) Autoradiogram showing the primer extension reactions of preC and pregenomic (preg) RNAs. One-sixth of the RNA from a 60-mm dish of cells was used in each primer extension reaction. WT, wild type. (B) Autoradiogram of Southern blot analysis of cytoplasmic viral DNA. One-third of the DNA from a 60-mm dish of cells was loaded in each lane. Quantitations were performed as described in the legends to Fig. 3 and 4. Numbers at the bottom are means ± standard errors of data obtained from three experiments similar to the one for which results are shown. RC DNA, relaxed circular DNA; DL DNA, duplex linear DNA; SS DNA, single-stranded DNA.