Table 3. Variables measured in each trial and outcomes.
A/BPO: adapalene/benzoyl peroxide, V: vehicle, A: adapalene, BPO: benzoyl peroxide, IGA: Investigator Global Assessment, GEA: Global Acne Evaluation, SGA: Scar Global Assessment, RISD: retinoid-induced skin discomfort, RC: regular cure, DC: dermo-cosmetic, IL: inflammatory lesion, NIL: non-inflammatory lesion, TL: total lesions, AEs: adverse events, NR: not reported, PE: primary efficacy
| Thiboutot et al. (2007) [11] | Stein Gold et al. (2009) [17] | Gollnick et al. (2009) [18] | Stein Gold et al. (2016) [19] | Dreno et al. (2016) [20] | Dreno et al. (2018) [21] | Dreno et al. (2019) [22] | Khammari et al. (2023) [16] | |
| PE (%) | A/BPO (27.5), A (15.5), BPO (15.4), V (9.9) | A/BPO (70.2), A (60.1), BPO (61.1), V (49.6) | A/BPO (22.9), A (37.3), BPO (40.5), V (45.7) | NR | Acne scar: A/BPO (11.1 to 11.6), V (10.9 to 13.6) | A0.3/BPO2.5 (15.5), V (14.4) | Acne scar: A/BPO (9.2 at 24 weeks), V (13.9 at 12 weeks) | NR |
| Success rate (%) | A/BPO (30.1), A (18.1), BPO (16.5), V (13.7) | A/BPO (30.1), A (19.8), BPO (22.2), V (11.3) | A/BPO (37.9), A (21.8), BPO (26.7), V (17.9) | Moderate: A0.3/BPO2.5 (33.7), V (11.0); severe: A0.3/BPO2.5 (31.9), V (11.8) | NR | NR | A0.3/BPO2.5 (44.4), A0.3/BPO2.5 + V (28.9) | NR |
| Acne severity score | IGA score: A/BPO (70.5), A (54.1), BPO (53.7), V (47.9) | NR | IGA score: A/BPO (75.0), A (63.0), BPO (59.0), V (53.0) | NR | SGA count: A/BPO (9.7 to 45.2), V (97 to 6.5) | SGA count: A0.3/BPO2.5 (34.5), V (60.4) | SGA: A0.3/BPO2.5 (48.9 at 24 weeks, 55.6 at 48 weeks), V (24.4 at 24 weeks, 46.7 at 48 weeks) | GEA score: DC 2.75±0.44 versus RC 2.68±0.47 |
| Percentage reduction in acne (%) | NR | IL: A/BPO (62.1), A (50.0), BPO (55.6), V (34.3); NIL: A/BPO (53.8), A (49.1), BPO (44.1), V (29.5) | IL: A/BPO (70.3), A (57.1), BPO (61.9), V (45.5); NIL: A/BPO (62.2), A (50.4), BPO (48.8), V (36.7); TL: A/BPO (65.4), A (52.3), BPO (48.2), V (37.1) | Moderate IL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (27.0), V (14.4); NIL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (40.2), V (18.5); severe IL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (35.17), V (15.46); NIL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (45.61), V (17.25) | IL: A/BPO (72.0), V (40.0); NIL: A/BPO (58.0), V (31.0) | IL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (86.7), V (57.9); NIL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (59.5), V (41.4); TL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (73.3), V (50.9) | IL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (90.7 at 24 weeks, 86.7 at 48 weeks), V (12.8 at 48 weeks); TL: A0.3/BPO2.5 (82.2 at 24 weeks, 77.8 at 48 weeks), V (53.1 at 24 weeks, 74.5 at 48 weeks) | NIL, IL, TL (23.45±6.97, 20.23±4.15, 43.68±9.37 in DC group) |
| Subjective improvement (%) | A/BPO (42.5), A (34.8), BPO (30.6), V (14.5) | A/BPO (73.5), A (65.6), BPO (66.7), V (55.0) | A/BPO (50.0), A (44.0), BPO (39.0), V (29.0) | A0.3/BPO2.5 (90.7), V (40.0); satisfaction: A0.3/BPO2.5 (71.6), V (32.3) | NR | A0.3/BPO2.5 (64.2), V (19.4); satisfaction: A0.3/BPO2.5 (90.1), V (59.0) | NR | NR |
| Safety and tolerability (AEs) | 1 AE: A/BPO (38.3%), A (42.6%), BPO (29.5%), V (26.8%) | 1 AE: A/BPO (2.7%), A (1%), BPO (1.2%), V (0.5%) | 1 AE: A/BPO (48%), A (39%), BPO (33%), V (28%) | No irritation: A0.3/BPO2.5 (53%), V (76%) | Total AE: A/BPO (57.9), V (26.3) | A0.3/BPO2.5 (20.9), V (9.0) | NR | RISD: RC 0.84±0.96 versus DC 0.75±0.78 |