Table 7.

T-cell subsets pre-exercise, post-exercise, and 30-min post-exercise in participants with smouldering multiple myeloma with percentage change (%Δ) pre-to post-exercise and main effect of time from repeated measures ANOVA. Data are mean ± SD, n = 8.

CD3+ T-cells/μL	Pre-exercise	Post-exercise	30-min post-exercise	%Δ pre- to post-exercise	Effect of time
Total	1150 ± 483	1714 ± 740b	1113 ± 616d	50 ± 23	F(2,14) = 19.22, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.76
CD8+	372 ± 243	654 ± 474a	354 ± 268c	76 ± 40	F(1.09,7.65) = 10.24, p = 0.012, ηp2 = 0.59
CD8+CD28+CD57−	116 ± 63	155 ± 89a	125 ± 85	33 ± 28	F(2,14) = 7.32, p = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.51
CD8+CD28−CD57+	155 ± 164	362 ± 373	126 ± 154	138 ± 40	F(1.02,7.15) = 7.04, p = 0.032, ηp2 = 0.50
CD8+PD-1+	85 ± 48	138 ± 89a	87 ± 61	62 ± 38	F(2,14) = 9.08, p = 0.003, ηp2 = 0.57
CD8+CTLA-4+	178 ± 111	314 ± 192a	155 ± 122c	84 ± 53	F(1.10,7.70) = 16.29, p = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.70
CD4+	729 ± 318	972 ± 430a	717 ± 401c	33 ± 20	F(2,14) = 12.92, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.65
CD4+CD28+CD57−	447 ± 226	638 ± 318	425 ± 285	59 ± 89	F(2,14) = 5.75, p = 0.015, ηp2 = 0.45
CD4+CD28−CD57+	67 ± 138	54 ± 83	25 ± 34	75 ± 80	F(2,14) = 0.61, p = 0.56, ηp2 = 0.08
CD4+PD-1+	170 ± 106	211 ± 124a	146 ± 115	30 ± 30	F(2,14) = 4.10, p = 0.040, ηp2 = 0.37
CD4+CTLA-4+	242 ± 159	293 ± 227	188 ± 118	16 ± 33	F(2,14) = 3.57, p = 0.056, ηp2 = 0.34

ANOVA, analysis of variance; PD-1, programmed cell death protein-1; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4.

^aindicates a significant difference from pre-exercise at p < 0.05.

^bindicates a significant difference from pre-exercise at p < 0.01.

^cindicates a significant difference from post-exercise at p < 0.05.

^dindicates a significant difference from post-exercise at p < 0.01.