Table 2.
Patient characteristics in the included studies
| Study | Age (years, mean ± SD) | Sex | Muscle symptoms | Proportion of patients with fever | Inpatient admission | Length of hospital stay (days, mean ± SD) | Time to recovery (days, mean ± SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girls/Boys | Bilateral leg pain | Inability to walk | ||||||
| Al-Qahtani et al. 2015 | 6.3 ± 7.0 | 4/24 | 100% | 93.3% | 100% | |||
| Attaianese et al. 2023 | 6.3 ± 2.2 | 22/43 | 100% | 93.8% | 75.3% | 24% | 5.1 ± 3.5 | 2.9 ± 1.7 |
| Brisca et al. 2021 | 6.8 ± 2.2 | 28/85 | 92% | 77% | 85% | 85% | 4.8 ± 1.8 | |
| Costa Azevedo et al. 2022 | 6.7 ± 3.0 | 23/77 | 92% | 29% | 87% | 29% | 2 ± 1.6 | |
| D’Amico et al. 2022 | 5.4 ± 2.4 | 7/43 | 100% | 38% | 84% | 100% | 4.9 ± 2 | |
| Ferrarini et al. 2014 | 7.4 ± 2.5 | 18/31 | 100% | 4% (full) | 57% | 4% | < 3 | 4 ± 1.5 |
| Karpathios et al. 1995 | 4.5–11 | 2/10 | 100% | 83.3% | 100% | 100% | 4–5 | |
| Kerr et al. 2021 | 6.0 ± 1.5 | 41/185 | 70% | 19% | 1.7 ± 1.5 | |||
| Mackay et al. 1999 | 8.1 ± 2.5 | 6/32 | 78% | 19% | 80% | 7 | ||
| Mall et al. 2011 | 7.3 ± 2.2 | 59/160 | 100% | 100% | 47% | 3.7 ± 1.5 | ||
| Rajajee et al. 2005 | 5.3 | 18/22 | 85% | 45% | < 7 | |||
| Rosenberg et al. 2018 | 7.3 ± 1.9 | 11/43 | 81% | 72% | 74% | 3.2 | ||
| Ruff and Secrist 1982 | 4–15 | 15/20 | 100% | 100% | 4–10 | |||
| Saltık et al. 2012 | 6.3 ± 2.1 | 3/12 | 100% | 93.3% | 93.3% | 100% | 3 | |
| Sham et al. 2015 | 7.8 ± 3.1 | 9/27 | 100% | 100% | 100% | 3 (median) | ||
| Szenborn et al. 2018 | 6.5 ± 3.0 | 5/8 | 62% | 46% | 100% | 100% | 2 (median) | 3 (median) |
| Tekin and Akoğlu 2022 | 6.9 ± 3.6 | 4/21 | Majority | 20% | 44% | 66% | 3.3 ± 2.9 | 2–3 |
| Turan et al. 2022 | 8.1 ± 3.1 | 24/90 | 91.2% | 29.8% | 45.60% | 21.1% | 5.8 ± 1.4 | |
| Yoon et al. 2018 | 6.8 ± 3.1 | 9/38 | 100% | 100% | 100% | 5.7 ± 2.3 | 4.2 ± 1.3 | |
| Yorulmaz et al. 2019 | 7.1 ± 2.2 | 6/16 | 100% | 54.5% | 81.8% | 45.5% | 6.3 ± 1.8 | < 3 |
| Zafeiriou et al. 2000 | 7.3 ± 2.1 | 14/18 | 93.8% | 59.4% | 40.6% | 31.2% | 2–7 | |
| Öztürk et al. 2022 | 6.4 ± 1.8 | 27/67 | 100% | 100% | 64% | 100% | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 3.2 ± 1.4 |
| Studies that reported information (N) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 16 | 20 | 18 | 13 | 15 |
| Total* | 6.8 (CI 5.8–7.8) | 355/1072 | 92% (CI 86–98%) | 56% (CI 53–59%) | 80% (CI 77–82%) | 51% (CI 46–57%) | 3.1 (CI 2.0–4.2) | 3.6 (CI 3.3–3.9) |
*Weighted proportions with 95% confidence intervals, pooled together by the Mantel–Haenszel meta-analysis method. The inverse variance method used for the pooling of means