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. 2024 May 24;151(7):708–721. doi: 10.1017/S0031182024000660

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© The Author(s) 2024

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.

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Figure 5. — Demographic correlates of Bartonella detection in C. greefi bat flies collected from E. helvum. Bartonella detection prevalence in bat flies was calculated by (A) location, (B) bat age class and (C) bat sex and was based on the total positive bat flies collected from all bats. Binomial 95% confidence intervals for prevalence were estimated using Wilson score intervals. (D) Age distribution of E. helvum censused and sampled with flies from each location (and flies were tested for Bartonella). Note that many individuals captured on Bioko island in May 2010 were free-flying dependent young that were less than 2 months old (below the age cut-off for juveniles), so are thus lumped with other neonates.