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. 2024 Jun 21;11(3):803–818. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2024040

Table 5. Odds ratios from two logistic regression analyses of nutrition behavior and risk factors associated with overweight and obesity.

Characteristics Overweight vs. Non-overweight
Obese vs. Non-obese
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) Unadjusted OR (95% CI)
Breakfast
 Dose not eat 1.22 (0.79–1.89) 2.45 (1.53–3.93)***
 Usually eat 1.12 (0.94–1.34) 2.03 (1.64–2.51)***
 Always eat Ref. Ref.
Fruits
 <once/week 0.93 (0.75–1.17) 0.98 (0.74–1.31)
 1–2 times/week 0.80 (0.64–1.00) 0.91 (0.69–1.21)
 ≥3 times/week Ref. Ref.
Vegetables
 <once/week 1.61 (1.30–1.99)*** 4.12 (3.06–5.55)***
 1–2 times/week 1.25 (1.16–1.54)* 0.78 (0.76–1.50)
 ≥3 times/week Ref. Ref.
Soft drinks
 <once/week Ref. Ref.
 1–2 times/week 1.25 (1.06–1.49)** 1.11 (0.86–1.42)
 ≥3 times/week 0.93 (0.73–1.200) 4.74 (3.73–6.04)***
Fast food
 <once/week Ref. Ref.
 1–2 times/week 0.97 (0.79–1.17) 2.00 (1.54–2.60)***
 ≥3 times/week 1.39 (1.09–1.76)** 9.95 (7.77–12.74)***

Note: Level of significance **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, CI = Confidence Interval, OR = Odds Ratio; Reference category (respectively): Ref.