Table 3.
Characteristics of the studies investigating in vivo/ex vivo application of OCT for preliminary assessment of OSCC and OPMDs. BM: Basement Membrane; CIS: Carcinoma in situ; EP: Squamous stratified epithelium; EP Re: Reflectivity of epithelial layer; ET: Epithelial Thickness; DG: Desquamative Gingivitis; GVHD: Graft Versus Host Disease; K-micro: Micro-invasive carcinoma; KL: Keratinized Layer; LP: Lamina Propria; LP Re: Reflectivity of lamina propria; MMP: Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid; OL: Oral Leukoplakia; OLP: Oral Lichen Planus; OSCC: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma; PVL: Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia; PV: Pemphigus Vulgaris; SEL: Stratified Epithelial Layer; SS: Stratified Squamous epithelium.
| Author (Year) | Study Design | N. Cases | Clinical Appearance | Pathological Diagnosis | Oral Sites | OCT Patterns Parameters/Evaluation |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ridgway (2006) [41] | Case series | 41 | Not specified benign and malignant lesions | Begnin lesions, OL, CIS, OSCC | Buccal mucosa, Floor of mouth, Gingiva, Hard palate, Lip, Tongue | SS, BM/LP |
| 2 | Wilder-Smith (2009) [40] | Preliminary Study | 50 | Leukoplakia, erythroplakia | Dysplasia (mild, moderate, severe) CIS, OSCC | Tongue, Buccal mucosa, Floor of mouth | SEL, BM, LP |
| 3 | Volgger (2012) [42] | Prospective diagnostic trial | 100 | Leukoplakia, erythroplakia | OSCC, dysplasia, OLP | Buccal mucosa, Floor of mouth, Gingiva, Palate, Lip, Tongue (detailed only for healthy mucosa) |
KL, EP, ET, BM, LP |
| 4 | Gambino (2020) [38] | Case control study | 20 | Atrophic-erosive OLP | OLP | Buccal mucosa | EP, BM, LP |
| 5 | Panzarella (2021) [43] | Observational study | 43 | DG | OLP, PV, MMP | Gingiva | SEL, BM, LP |
| 6 | Panzarella (2022) [19] | Descriptive pilot Study | 30 | Suspected OSCC | OSCC | Tongue, Gingiva, Buccal mucosa | KL, SEL, BM, LP |
| 7 | Gambino 2022 [45] | Case/control study | 50 | Non-healing Ulcerations | Traumatic lesions, OSCC | Buccal mucosa, Gingiva, Tongue | EP, BM, LP |
| 8 | Gambino (2023) [39] | Case series | 11 | White, red-white lesions, ulcers | PVL, OLP, OL, GVHD, K-MICRO | Tongue, Gingiva, Buccal mucosa | KL, EP, BM, LP |
| 9 | Gruda (2023) [44] | Case series | 15 | OLP, leukoplakia | OLP, OL, OSCC | Buccal mucosa, Tongue | EP, EP Re, LP Re, BM |