Table 7.

Relative gene expression of vertebral bone biomarkers and calcium regulators in gilthead seabream juveniles fed with different levels of dietary vitamin D₃ and vitamin K₃.

Relative Gene Expression—Vertebra						Two-Way ANOVA (p Value)
Gene	(0.07/0.01)	(0.20/0.58)	(0.19/1.65)	(0.51/0.74)	(0.56/1.00)	VD	VK	VD × VK
Bone Biomarkers (Osteoblast-Related Genes)
bmp2	0.67 ± 0.09 ab	0.23 ± 0.15 a	1.11 ± 0.44 b	0.67 ± 0.22 ab	0.64 ± 0.42 ab	0.94	0.00	0.00
runx2	0.75 ± 0.25	0.94 ± 0.29	1.30 ± 0.91	1.54 ± 0.64	1.02 ± 0.70	0.57	0.76	0.12
osx	0.67 ± 0.19 a	0.30 ± 0.16 a	1.41 ± 0.39 b	0.98 ± 0.56 ab	0.86 ± 0.41 ab	0.69	0.01	0.00
alp	0.70 ± 0.22 a	0.86 ± 0.42 a	0.98 ± 0.43 a	2.10 ± 0.42 b	1.08 ± 0.56 a	0.00	0.02	0.00
opn	0.58 ± 0.08 a	0.47 ± 0.25 a	1.08 ± 0.30 b	1.00 ± 0.54 ab	0.70 ± 0.52 a	0.66	0.34	0.01
on	0.68 ± 0.26	0.84 ± 0.33	0.92 ± 0.35	0.91 ± 0.27	0.87 ± 0.29	0.92	0.87	0.61
oc	1.05 ± 0.33	1.36 ± 1.18	1.42 ± 0.49	1.46 ± 0.50	1.10 ± 0.57	0.74	0.64	0.51
Bone Biomarkers (Osteoclast-Related Genes)
mgp	0.67 ± 0.09 ab	0.30 ± 0.11 a	1.28 ± 0.34 c	1.22 ± 0.14 c	1.14 ± 0.38 bc	0.00	0.00	0.00
ctsk	0.60 ± 0.10 a	0.59 ± 0.12 a	0.96 ± 0.53 a	1.70 ± 0.92 b	0.88 ± 0.34 a	0.06	0.39	0.03
trap	0.44 ± 0.06 a	0.16 ± 0.04 a	0.99 ± 0.64 b	1.03 ± 0.83 b	0.21 ± 0.13 a	0.84	0.98	0.00
mmp9	0.48 ± 0.10	0.19 ± 0.11	0.82 ± 0.36	0.78 ± 0.50	1.03 ± 0.85	0.07	0.05	0.37
Calcium Regulators
casr	0.69 ± 0.18 ab	0.28 ± 0.15 a	1.18 ± 0.28 c	0.98 ± 0.12 bc	0.98 ± 0.36 bc	0.03	0.00	0.00
pth1r	0.53 ± 0.12 ab	0.21 ± 0.09 a	1.10 ± 0.35 b	0.90 ± 0.23 b	0.86 ± 0.50 b	0.10	0.01	0.00
pthrp	0.67 ± 0.25 ab	0.29 ± 0.21 a	1.39 ± 0.36 c	0.88 ± 0.34 bc	0.39 ± 0.07 ab	0.10	0.02	0.00
stc2	0.73 ± 0.13 a	0.25 ± 0.10 a	1.44 ± 0.64 b	0.81 ± 0.35 ab	0.75 ± 0.30 a	0.68	0.00	0.00

Different letters (a, b, c) in the row denote significant differences between groups fed different diets (mean ± SD, n = 3, p < 0.05). (number of fish sampled = 3 per tank).