Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analyses associated with RFS and OS in patients with stage III LARC after nCRT.
| RFS | OS | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | N | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||||
| HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 29 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Male | 79 | 1.4 (0.7–3.0) | 0.347 | 1.7 (0.6–5.1) | 0.300 | ||||
| Age | |||||||||
| <70 | 39 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ≥70 | 69 | 1.4 (0.7–3.0) | 0.326 | 1.7 (0.6–4.6) | 0.321 | ||||
| Site | |||||||||
| Upper-mid | 77 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Low | 31 | 2.5 (1.2–5.0) | 0.010 | 2.4 (0.9–6.3) | 0.077 | ||||
| Tumor grade | |||||||||
| G 1–2 | 99 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| G 3 | 9 | 4.3 (1.6–11.3) | 0.016 | 3.7 (1.3–11.0) | 0.016 | 4.4 (1.2–15.6) | 0.012 | ||
| ypT | |||||||||
| ypT 0–3 | 95 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ypT 4 | 13 | 2.4 (1.0–5.8) | 0.051 | 4.3 (1.5–12.4) | 0.003 | ||||
| ypN | |||||||||
| ypN 0–1 | 97 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ypN 2 | 11 | 2.4 (0.9–6.3) | 0.064 | 1.4 (0.3–6.0) | 0.681 | ||||
| LVI | |||||||||
| No | 86 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 17 | 2.2 (1.0–4.7) | 0.046 | 4.6 (1.6–13.3) | 0.002 | 4.8 (1.5–15.5) | 0.008 | ||
| PNI | |||||||||
| No | 61 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 47 | 5.9 (2.5–13.6) | <0.01 | 5.3 (2.2–13.1) | <0.01 | 22.6 (3.0–170.6) | <0.01 | 12.6 (1.6–98.8) | 0.016 |
| Tumor deposit | |||||||||
| No | 91 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 17 | 2.1 (1.0–4.6) | 0.050 | 4.2 (1.6–11.3) | 0.002 | ||||
| MSI | |||||||||
| N/A | 13 | ||||||||
| Yes | 92 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| No | 3 | 1.2 (0.1–13.4) | 0.876 | 21.0 (0–732) | 0.249 | ||||
| CRM status | |||||||||
| >1 mm | 82 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ≤1 mm | 26 | 3.9 (2.0–8.0) | <0.01 | 3.1 (1.5–6.7) | 0.004 | 6.7 (2.4–18.2) | <0.01 | 3.9 (1.4–11.0) | 0.011 |
| mDworak TRG | |||||||||
| 1–2 | 62 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 3 | 46 | 2.2 (1.0–5.0) | 0.048 | 2.1 (0.7–6.4) | 0.088 | ||||
| NAR | |||||||||
| <16 | 55 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ≥16 | 33 | 1.8 (0.9–3.6) | 0.164 | 1.4 (0.5–3.7) | 0.512 | ||||
| NLR | |||||||||
| <6 | 88 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ≥6 | 20 | 2.4 (1.1–5.2) | 0.024 | 2.5 (0.9–7.2) | 0.080 | ||||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | |||||||||
| Yes | 96 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| No | 12 | 6.2 (2.6–14.7) | <0.01 | 5.1 (1.9–13.5) | 0.001 | 10.6 (3.4–33.2) | <0.01 | 6.9 (1.9–25.3) | 0.003 |
| CD8+ T cell | |||||||||
| High, 2+, 3+ | 95 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Low, 1+ | 13 | 4.7 (2.2–10.4) | <0.01 | 2.3 (1.0–5.0) | 0.046 | 2.4 (0.8–7.5) | 0.128 | ||
| CXCR3 | |||||||||
| High, 3+ | 10 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Low, 1+, 2+ | 98 | 27.6 (0.3–249.6) | 0.023 | 30.1 (0.7–233) | 0.081 | ||||
| CXCL10 | |||||||||
| High, 3+ | 22 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Low, 1+, 2+ | 86 | 1.1 (0.4–2.6) | 0.640 | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | 0.473 | ||||
| α-SMA | |||||||||
| High 2+, 3+ | 74 | 1.8 (0.8–4.2) | 0.055 | 1.2 (0.4–3.5) | |||||
| Low 1+ | 34 | 1 | 1 | 0.349 | |||||
| AI-immune phenotype | |||||||||
| Inflamed/Immune-excluded | 72 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Immune-desert | 36 | 3.3 (1.6–6.8) | <0.01 | 2.7 (1.3–5.7) | 0.010 | 4.3 (1.5–12.3) | 0.004 | ||
Bold values indicate statistical significance set at p < 0.05; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; PNI, perineural invasion; MSI, microsatellite instability; CRM, circumferential resection margin; mDworak TRG, modified Dworak tumor regression grade; NAR, neoadjuvant rectal; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; AI, artificial intelligence; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; N/A, not applicable; RFS, recurrence-free survival; OS, overall survival.