Figure 5.

Timeline plot of clinical practice guideline recommendations for spinal manipulation by condition and year from 2014 to 2024. Recommendations for episodic and chronic tension-type headaches were grouped under “Any” to simplify the plot, considering these terms typically denote headache frequency rather than duration. Abbreviations: lower back pain (LBP), lumbar radiculopathy (LR), pelvic girdle pain (PGP), vasomotor symptoms (VMS). Recommendations in favor (“Yes” or “Multimodal”) are shown in light and dark green, respectively, while recommendations not in favor (“No” or “Insufficient evidence”) are shown in red and orange, respectively.