Table 3.
Prostate cancer risk, aggressiveness, and management based on germline mutation
| Gene | Prostate risk (meta-analysis) | Aggressiveness | Inform care | Other associated cancers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATM | OR 4.437 | Uncertain | Yes (AS, PARPi) | Breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer |
| BRCA1 | OR 1.3538 | Maybe | Yes (AS, PARPi) | Breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer |
| BRCA2 | OR 2.6438 | Yes | Yes (AS, surgery, PARPi) | Breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer |
| CHEK2 1100delC | OR 3.2939 | No | No | Breast cancer |
| I157T | OR 1.839 | No | No | Breast cancer |
| HOXB13 p.Gly84Glu | OR 3.2540 | Uncertain | No | No evidence |
| Lynch syndrome * | OR 2.1341 | Uncertain | Yes (PCDi) | Colon cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, genitourinary cancers |
| MSH2 | SIR 3.62 (retrospective study)42 | Uncertain | Yes (PCDi) | Colon cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, genitourinary cancers |
| PALB2 | OR 1.3843 | Uncertain | No | Breast cancer (male), ovarian, pancreatic cancer |
*
Lynch syndrome in this study included individuals with germline PV/LPVs in the genes MLH1, MSH2, and PMS2. AS: active surveillance; OR: odds ratio; PARPi: PARP-inhibitor; PCDi: programmed cell death inhibitor; SIR: standardized incidence ratio.