Table 1.
Clinical and CT morphological characteristics of patients in the training and two validation cohorts
| Variables | Training set | Internal-testing set | External-testing set | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
|
|
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| BPTs (n=166) | MPTs (n=59) | P value | BPTs (n=47) | MPTs (n=26) | P value | BPTs (n=39) | MPTs (n=14) | P value | |
| Ageb (years) | 50.475 (15.518) | 52.307 (14.539) | 0.495 | 44.692 (17.211) | 52.100 (14.539) | 0.045* | 55.857 (17.347) | 58.231 (12.854) | 0.694 |
| Max-diameterb (cm) | 2.429 (0.775) | 2.201 (0.718) | 0.039* | 2.265 (1.064) | 2.061 (0.746) | 0.635 | 2.729 (1.013) | 2.467 (0.810) | 0.289 |
| Sexa (F/M) | 99/67 | 31/28 | 0.361 | 29/41 | 7/19 | 0.097 | 24/15 | 10/4 | 0.746 |
| Smokinga (Yes/No) | 75/91 | 19/40 | 0.092 | 75/91 | 19/40 | 0.092 | 17/22 | 4/10 | 0.362 |
| Alcohol consumptiona (Yes/No) | 59/107 | 14/45 | 0.107 | 31/39 | 5/21 | 0.107 | 13/16 | 3/11 | 0.510 |
| Number of nodulesa (Single/Multiple) | 178/12 | 59/0 | 0.075 | 64/6 | 26/0 | 0.186 | 31/8 | 11/3 | 1.000 |
| Symptoma (With/Without) | 15/151 | 20/39 | < 0.001* | 5/65 | 10/16 | 0.001* | 10/29 | 6/8 | 0.311 |
| Shapea (Round/Non-round) | 129/37 | 49/10 | 0.458 | 51/19 | 24/2 | 0.052 | 30/9 | 12/2 | 0.706 |
| Margina (Clear/Unclear) | 159/7 | 37/22 | < 0.001* | 65/5 | 12/14 | < 0.001* | 34/5 | 6/8 | 0.002* |
| Locationa (Superficial/Deep/Both) | 134/2/30 | 17/13/29 | 0.216 | 62/0/8 | 17/0/9 | 0.635 | 33/0/5 | 11/1/2 | 0.246 |
| Distributiona (left/right/both) | 86/70/8 | 28/29/1 | 0.425 | 32/36/2 | 14/12/0 | 0.574 | 13/21/5 | 8/6/0 | 0.173 |
| Densitya (Homogeneous/Heterogeneous) | 66/100 | 29/30 | 0.223 | 21/49 | 13/13 | 0.093 | 17/22 | 5/9 | 0.755 |
| Calcificationa (With/Without) | 4/162 | 19/40 | 0.654 | 2/68 | 1/25 | 1.000 | 0/39 | 0/14 | 1.000 |
| Cystic areas (With/Without) | 47/119 | 19/40 | 0.619 | 16/54 | 8/18 | 0.437 | 19/20 | 6/8 | 0.763 |
| Enhanced-peak phasea (Arterial/Venous) | 68/98 | 21/38 | < 0.001* | 38/32 | 16/10 | 0.645 | 27/12 | 11/3 | 0.732 |
| Enhancement degreea (Slight/Moderate/Obvious) | 13/44/109 | 8/19/32 | 0.230 | 5/18/9 | 3/9/14 | 0.005* | 5/11/23 | 1/6/7 | 0.569 |
| Enhanced uniformitya (Yes/No) | 70/96 | 18/41 | 0.123 | 38/32 | 16/10 | 0.645 | 54/93 | 20/34 | 0.569 |
| Enlarged lymph nodesa (With/Without) | 1/165 | 15/44 | < 0.001* | 1/69 | 5/21 | 0.005* | 7/32 | 4/10 | 0.001* |
*
Represents P < 0.05.
a
Categorical data are presented as numbers (n).
b
Quantitative data are presented as means (standard deviations) or medians (quartiles), p value was calculated using the independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. p-value was calculated with the χ2 or Fisher’s exact test.
BPTs, benign parotid tumors; MPTs, malignant tumors; F, female; M, male.