Table 1.
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and osteoprotective activity of Styphnolobium japonicum fruit extract (SJFE), germinated soybean embryo extract (GSEE), and their combinations.
| Activity | SJFE | GSEE | SJFE and GSEE Combinations | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1:1 | 1:2 | 2:1 | |||
| DPPH scavenging (IC50, µg) |
61.42 ± 11.23 | 293.75 ± 15.71 | 117.56 ± 12.04 | 84.48 ± 13.74 | 77.72 ± 14.13 |
| NO inhibition (ED50, µg/mL) |
206.71 ± 18.11 | 34.22 ± 5.71 | 64.82 ± 1.95 | 48.19 ± 1.88 | 59.37 ± 1.44 |
| RANKL inhibition (p < 0.001, µg/mL) |
250 | 10 | 100 | 10 | 10 |
The values represent the means ± standard deviation. These results highlight the efficacy of the extracts in scavenging DPPH radicals, inhibiting NO production, and inhibiting RANKL—key indicators of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and osteoprotective effects, respectively. For further details, see Figures S2–S4. DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; NO, nitric oxide; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) ligand.