Table 4.

Technical aspects of blockchain and smart contracts’ methodologies for social CCAM challenges.

Ref	Challenge	Blockchain/ Smart Contract	Consensus Mechanism	Techniques/Tools	Performance of the Methodology
[42]	Road Safety	Blockchain	PoW	Distributed Cloud Servers	Low efficiency: Linear increase in both storage space and operating costs in line with the increase in vehicles
[51]	Road Safety	Blockchain	DPoS	5G NR V2X	High performance compared to the SPS technique in terms of collision probability and delay.
[52]	Resource Management	Consortium Blockchain and Smart Contracts	Proof of Authority (PoA)	Smart Grid	Moderate energy saving performance compared to existing solutions.
[53]	Financial	Blockchain	PoW	-	High performance in relation to the time needed to search for a location but also the reduction of congestion and costs
[54]	Financial	Blockchain	PoW	NDN, Vehicular Sensor Networks	Moderate performance relative to pre-existing works. Effectiveness: collection reporting, fake identical rate, and time for trade
[55]	Social Networking	Permissioned Blockchain	dPoW	-	High: Compared to existing methodologies, this one performs better on a large increase in social network data and offloads vehicles from resource consumption