Table 2.

Nutritional information for Moringa oleifera.

Category	Subcategory	Details	Reference
Comparison of Nutrient Content	Milk	Provides 300–400 mg of certain nutrients	[48]
	Moringa Leaves	Offers significantly higher amounts, around 1000 mg	[55]
	Moringa (whole plant) Powder	Surpasses with more than 4000 mg of essential nutrients	[49]
Anemia Treatment		Moringa powder serves as a substitute for iron tablets, can be utilized in the treatment of anemia	[48]
Micronutrient Composition of M. oleifera (mg/100 g)	Calcium	440–3650 mg	[15]
	Magnesium	24–1050 mg
	Sulfur	137–925 mg
	Sodium	164.0–272 mg
	Potassium	259–2061 mg
	Phosphorus	70–300 mg
	Iron	0.85–126 mg
	Zinc	0.16–3.30 mg
	Copper	0.6–1.1 mg
Vitamin Content	Vit A	6.78–18.90 mg
	Vit B2	0.05–20.50 mg
	Vit B3	0.8–8.2 mg
	Vit B7	423 mg
	Vit B12	0.06–2.64 mg
	Vit C	17.3–220.0 mg
	Vit E	77 mg

M. oleifera seed oil extract typically includes tannins and saponins, which oversee a variety of pharmacological actions [45]. M. oleifera seeds contain a variety of fatty acids, including arachidic, stearic, octacosanoic, palmitic, oleic, linolenic, behenic, and paullinic acid [46]. Two glycosides, niazirin and niazirinin, were isolated from M. oleifera’s ethanolic extract of M. oleifera [47]. Numerous polysaccharides, including D-xylose, D-galactose, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose, D-mannose, and glucuronic acid, are present in gum exudates [48].