Fig. 1. Experimental implementation of EDF-RIM.

a Optical layout of the experimental system. Speckles are generated either with a diffuser or a spatial light modulator. The detection branch comprises a 4f optical relay (f_R1, f_R2) which includes an electrically tunable lens to perform a rapid focal sweep placed in a pupil plane. b Temporal scheme of an acquisition sequence. the top line represents the z-plane conjugated to the camera which is rapidly scanned in one integration time. c, d Example of an illumination speckle in the x, y and x, z planes. The insets display the speckle auto-covariance function Γ_EDF(r_⊥) ≔ Γ_S(x, y, 0) and Γ_S(x, 0, z). e Comparison between the 2D PSF, h_2D(r), of the wide field microscope and the EDF-PSF, h_⊥(r_⊥), which is obtained from the integral of the 3D-PSF along the z-axis