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. 2024 May 14;18(4):976–986. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1782213

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The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 4 — Forest plot showing sensitivity analysis for pain score (visual analog scale). CI, confidence interval; MD, mean difference; SD, standard deviation.